DETERMINING THE QUALITY OF STANDING TIMBER 441 



(Table 1) is next consulted, and the log scale (increased by overrun) 



for each diameter class is divided into the various grades of lumber 



which it may be expected to produce. Thus, for example, the total of 



520 feet b. m. for 26-inch grade I yellow pine logs will be divided as 



follows: Nos. 1 and 2 clear 26 per cent, or 135 feet; 3 clear 9 per 



cent, or 47 feet; Australian, 2 per cent, or 10 feet; No. 1 shop, 16 per 



cent, or 83 feet ; No. 2 shop, 16 per cent, or 83 feet ; No. 3 shop, 3 per 



cent, or 16 feet ; Nos. 1 and 2 common, 27 per cent, or 141 feet, and 



box, 1 per cent, or 5 feet. After this step has been completed for all 



three grades, the amounts of each lumber grade are added for each 



species. From these sums the per cents of each lumber grade are 



obtained, and after applying the effects of lumber depreciation the 



appraiser is ready to calculate the average selling price. The results of 



computing the data in the preceding table are given in Table 5 as an 



example of the form the information should take in the appraisal 



report. 



Table 5 



1 and 2 3 C A ustra- 1 2 3 1 and 2 



Clear Clear Select Han Shop Shop Shop Com. Box 



Per Per Per ' Per Per Per Per Per Per 



Species cent cent cent cent cent cent cent cent cent 



Yellow- 

 pine... 26.1 9 0.7 2 17.4 15.5 2.3 24.7 2.3 



Absolute accuracy is not claimed for this method. However, it is 

 without question far ahead of former methods of guessing at the 

 quality of stands or of estimating by comparison with the grades pro- 

 duced by various mills. Furthermore, it should give accurate results 

 as to the relative quality of two or more stands, which is one of the 

 main points we are after. Care is necessary in applying the method to 

 insure accurate estimation of the number of logs in a tree and the 

 proper grading of each log. There is frequently a tendency to grade 

 logs in standing timber higher than they really are. This is especially 

 true of No. Ill logs of large diameter. Anyone using this method 

 should be thoroughly familiar with the log grade specifications, and 

 also preferably have followed logs of the various grades through a 

 sawmill. 



