490 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



France, the British Isles, Germany, Austria, Italy, Russia, Switzer- 

 land, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Scandanavia had made a good 

 beginning with government maps, based on trigonometrical surveys, 

 but these were not completed. At that date in the Western Hemi- 

 sphere little or no triangulation had been done, although the United 

 States Coast and Geodetic Survey had made a good start on the coasts. 

 About the only serious attempts previous to 1860 in the Americas were 

 La Condamine's attempt in 1736 to measure an arc of the Meridian in 

 South America and the surveys of Mason and Dixon, later to become 

 famous in history. Such mapping as had been done along the Atlantic 

 seaboard could hardly be considered much more "than route traversing 

 and sketching." 



As an index of the progress made from 1860 to 1916, at that date 

 the parts of the earth entirely unsurveyed and unmapped represented 

 one-half of the earth's surface, whereas in 1916 there remains only 

 about one-seventh. The following comparative table is quoted as of 

 interest : 



1860 1916 



Sq. Stat. Proportion to Sq. Stat. Proportion to 

 Miles. Whole Miles Whole 



Mapped from accurate topo- 

 graphical surveys based on 

 triangulation or rigorous 



traverses 1,957,755 = 0.0326 8,897,238 = 0.1482 



or roughly 1/30 or roughly 1/7 

 Mapped from less reliable 

 survevs, chiefly non-topo- 

 graphical 2,017,641 = 0.0336 5,178,008 = 0.0866 



or roughly 1/30 or just over J^ 



Mapped from route traverse 



and sketches 25,024,360 = 0.4170 37,550,552 = 0.6258 



or roughly 2/5 or little less than 2/3 

 Entirely unsurveyed and un- 

 mapped 30,997,054 = 0.5166 8,350,794 = 0.1391 



or just over }4 or little less than 1/7 



Progress in the Mapping of the Earth. The Scientific Monthly, November, 1916, 

 pp. 515-520. 



In the Swedish State forest service a com- 



Swedish State mittee of accounts makes monthly statements of 



Forest Accounts the expenditures and incomes of the State forest 



service in detail. A statement for the first ten 



months of 1916 of the State property is as follows: 



Incomes: State forest administration, $6,810,373 ; State farms, 

 $791,419; sales of land, etc., $323,078; total income, $7,278,714. Dur- 



