496 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



capital, for the establishment of better stands, for communications, 

 for market studies, and for more thorough research. 



T. S. W., Jr. 



Development of Indian Forests. Indian Forester, January, 1917, pp. 30-34. 



Those specializing on grazing may be inter- 

 Grazing ested in C. A. Malcolm's statement on grazing 



in problems in the Central Provinces. As a result 



India of past experiences, the Indian Forest Service has 



adopted a broader viewpoint in regard to the 

 alleged damages from grazing, because they have found "that in the 

 closed areas the young teak seedlings get choked in the rains, in the 

 high grass, or destroyed by fierce fires, such as occur during hot 

 weather, when fire conservancy is unsuccessful. In grazed areas the 

 grass is kept low, and if a fire runs through it the seedlings generally 

 escape with a scorching." In theory sheeps, goats and bufifalo are con- 

 sidered undesirable, and they conclude that cows, bullocks and bulls 

 "can be admitted without detriment to the tree growth." 



It is interesting to note that lower rates are prescribed for stock 

 that is used in agriculture than for mere range cattle. The commer- 

 cial fees range from 16 cents to 34 cents per cow per year, "and the 

 fees for agricultural cattle from 3 to 20 cents per year." 



T. S. W., Jr. 



Some Problems in Connection with Grazing in the Central Provinces. Indian 

 Forester, January, 1917, pp. 10-15. 



STATISTICS AND HISTORY 



An important step toward placing the Finnish 

 Finland lumber export business on a sound basis has been 



Lumber made by the lumber interests of Finland. The 



Export Finnish Sawmill Selling Union has been formed 



recently to handle the foreign trade, and now 

 represents 90 per cent of the sawmills engaged in the export lumber busi- 

 ness. Previous to the war, the lumber export trade, due to lack of 

 cooperation between sawmills, was in an unsatisfactory condition, and 

 the profits were small. The new organization hopes to remedy this 

 situation. The domestic trade will be handled by each sawmill, as in 

 the past. The former condition of the Finnish lumber industry is 



