A STUDY OF REFORESTED CHESTNUT CUT-OVER LAND 611 



red maple. The chestnut sprouts were in only fair condition. They 

 were about 5 feet high and ^ inch in diameter at the maximum. 

 About 50 per cent of the present stand is chestnut sprout growth, but 

 the density of the whole stand is not over 75 per cent. None of the 

 chestnut sprouts are infected with the blight, but the prevalence of 

 the disease on all sides of the area makes it practically impossible to 

 secure a mature stand of chestnut. The other growth was made up 

 of about 95 per cent sprouts of which about 60 per cent was oak. The 

 effect of the chestnut and other sprouts upon the pine was very bad 

 and cleanings were much needed. But in this case the chief reason for 

 the failure of the plantation — not over 40 per cent of the trees planted 

 now survive — is the exceedingly adverse conditions found on this 

 site. Where three-year transplants of red pine were used they have 

 survived and are growing well, but for the most part are being inter- 

 fered with by the undergrowth and sprouts. It is evident from the 

 pine that has taken hold, however, that even on this adverse site, pine 

 will occupy the cut-over land very well, with the help of a few 

 cleanings. 



Case III. — In the fall of 1911, the chestnut and some of the hard- 

 wood on this area was cut out, leaving a considerable amount — about 

 40 per cent of the original stand — scattered over the land. Located 

 as it is on the summit of a very rocky hilltop about five miles from 

 Bernardsville, New Jersey, the condition of the site for planting three- 

 year transplants of red pine was very poor indeed after a three-year's 

 growth had given the sprouts, grass, weeds, and underbrush a good 

 start. Add to this the fact that it is site III, exposure to the sun and 

 wind, and finally that the planting was not done until very late in the 

 spring of 1914, it can be easily seen that the chances for really good 

 results were very poor. At the time the examination was made, 

 June, 1916, only about 25 per cent of the pine was alive. The hard- 

 v/ood sprouts were very numerous and vigorous, being about 10 feet 

 high and 1% inches in diameter. These together with the overwood 

 cast a heavy shade and the chance for the proper development of the 

 pme was slight. In spots this shade was very heavy, barely allowing 

 the young pine to stay alive aside from making any satisfactory 

 growth. The chestnut sprouts were in surprisingly good condition, 

 considering the infection of the whole neighborhood by the blight. 

 Some even reached 18 feet in height and 3 inches in diameter. In com- 

 parison with such growth the pine, which averaged about 8 inches 

 in height although planted two years ago, were scarcely noticeable at 



