616 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



cent of their scaled contents into lumber of the grades of No. 2 

 shop, and better. 



No. 3. Common (or rough) logs shall be 6 inches or over in 

 diameter inside the bark at the small end, and not less than 8 feet 

 long, having defects which in the judgment of the scaler prevent their 

 classification into either of the other two grades. 



Each log was numbered by the scaler and all data were recorded 

 under the individual log number by both scaler and lumber grader. 

 A .third man was stationed behind the saw to mark the boards from 

 each log so that they might be properly identified by the grader. 

 The grading was done behind the trimmer and the footage of each 

 lumber grade produced from each log was recorded. The contents 

 of the boards were calculated by the grader, and the dimensions were 

 not recorded. The lumber grading rules of the California Sugar 

 and White Pine Company were followed. All lumber below No. 3 

 ■rommon was recorded as cull and not included in the tally as 

 merchantable. 



It has been found that studies of this character can best be made 

 It a single mill. A double mill, or a mill with a resaw, so complicates 

 the work that it cannot be done successfully. The mill employed in 

 this study was a typical single-band of moderate capacity, with a daily 

 output of about 60 thousand feet, broad measure. The band saw 

 kerf was about 3/16 inch and the kerf of the edger saws was 5/16 

 inch. Utilization in the mill was close, as boards down to 3 inches in 

 width and 4 feet in length were saved. An extra width of 3^ to j^ 

 inch was allowed on all boards and an extra thickness of ^ inch was 

 allowed on all lumber except inch common and ties. A very consid- 

 erable part of the common lumber was put into sawed ties. This led, 

 in part, to the rather considerable overrun of the lumber tally over 

 the log scale. A comparison of the per cents of overrun for the 

 different log grades may be obtained from the following table, which 

 shows as well the scope of the study: 



Summary of Lumber Tally. 



Class of Logs No. Logs 



Total Grade I 198 



Total Grade II 604 



Total Grade III 2,860 



Total all logs 3,662 



Sound logs — no ties 2,685 



Sound logs — ties 868 



Total sound logs 3,553 



Total defective logs 109 



