MARKIXr. OF WHSTKKX WHITE PINE 875 



Selection Stands 



These include : 



(i) Stands in which white pine predominates, lOO years of age and 

 younger. 



(2) Slope and ridge stands consisting chiefly of white fir, larch, or 

 Douglas fir, with more or less white pine, and occasionally yellow pine 

 in mixture. 



The object of marking is to cut the more mature and defective tim- 

 ber, and to leave a basis for a second cut within from 40 to 60 years, 

 consisting of the smaller and thriftier timber and younger age classes. 

 Occasional patches will be opened up sufficiently to bring about repro- 

 duction of the less tolerant species ; but this is not an object in marking, 

 which will be governed primarily by the condition of the timber. 



The smaller and thriftier timber up to approximately 30 per cent of 

 the merchantable volume should be reserved. In general, trees under 

 16 inches d. b. h. will be retained unless clearly defective or too 

 crowded, and trees over that size will be cut unless clearly of the 

 younger age classes (under 100 years) and very thrifty or unless re- 

 quired to furnish seed of desirable species or in grouping the remain- 

 ing timber to prevent wind injury. 



Former Cociir d'Alene Rules 



In applying these rules to the Coeur d'Alene region only slight vari- 

 ations were made. Two classes of stands were recognized — the young 

 or selection stands and the mature stands. It was also considered ad- 

 visable to employ a higher volume percentage, from 10 to 15 per cent 

 in the seed-group reservations. 



The points in the Lolo Creek silvicultural plan which are at variance 

 with the most recent ideas and field practice are the classification of 

 stands, the universal application of the seed-group system to the so- 

 called "mature" stands, and the reservations for seed and fire insurance 

 based on volume percentage. The reserving of trees from cutting 

 based on a definite volume percentage did not always result in good 

 silviculture or good economy. Under certain conditions, 10 or 15 per 

 cent of the volume is the proper reservation, but with a shift of con- 

 ditions this may be more or less than is necessary for silvicultural 

 reasons. 



The whole idea of the new rules is to outline certain fundamental 

 guiding principles and give the established facts concerning the life 

 histories of the diflFerent species of trees with which the marker is to 

 deal, but leave the specific application of them to be determined after 



