1()2() JOURNAL OF FORKSTRV 



lings of black alder, pedunculate oak, common ash, horn-beam, silver 

 fir, maritime pine, Scotch pine, and Austrian pine; with shoots from 

 twigs and roots of oak, birch, and aspen; on cuttings of aspen, osier 

 willow, oleander, and grape. 



Experiments in artificial soil were made either in pots en biscuit de 

 Sevres, washed in hydrochloric acid, calcined, then filled with fine sand 

 from the Loire equally washed in hydrochloric acid and calcined, or on 

 experimental areas of i square meter, where the natural soil had been 

 replaced, to a depth of i meter, by fine sand previously washed. Tests 

 were conducted with seedlings of pedunculate oak, beech, fir, Scotch 

 pine, black and maritime pine ; with transplants of oak, alder, birch, fir, 

 and Corsican pine, and with cuttings of osier willow. 



The experiments in natural soil took place in unmanured gardens, 

 either by putting the fertilizers at the foot of the trees and burying 

 them lightly or by putting them in contact with the seed. Results were 

 obtained from seedlings of pedunculate oak, beech, Scotch pine, black 

 pine, and maritime pine ; from transplants of oak, birch, alder, Scotch 

 pine, Corsican pine, and black pine ; from cuttings of black poplar and 

 osier willow. Besides, experiments were carried on in the Forest of 

 Orleans, in vacant spaces, in coppice cut the preceding year, in a soil 

 representing the medium of those of the forest, tests being conducted 

 with pedunculate oak, birch, and Scotch pine. 



Each of these three series of experiments is the subject of a special 

 chapter, in which Chancerel gives the details and the results of each 

 experiment ; then, in conclusion, the resume of observations made. 



In the chapters which follow the author has examined and explained 

 the most important anatomical modifications produced on woody plants 

 by the action of different minerals. 



It will suffice to transcribe his principal conclusions : 



The mineral nitrogenous fertilizers, nitrate of soda, sulphate of am- 

 monia, are dangerous to handle in silviculture, in all cases. 



Fertilizers of potash, sulphate, carbonate, chloride of potash, and 

 kainite are retarders of woody growth. They can, however, render 

 great service in one case, in silviculture ; when one wishes to make a 

 seed-cutting and to obtain a rapid fruiting of the trees. 



Calcium fertilizers are the true accelerators of woody vegetation. 

 Among them must be placed, in the first rank, sulphate of calcium, then 

 lime and carbonate of calcium. 



To these should be added — in small quantities, the mineral phosphate 

 fertilizers — phosphates of calcium, superphosphates, and scorias, which 

 gave fine results with the broad-leaved species, as well as with the 

 conifers. 



