1032 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



The pulp and paper industry, the distillation industry, and chemical 

 derivatives come in for an interesting- explanatory expose. We learn 

 that 89 per cent of the newsprint paper is available for export, mainly 

 to the United States. The waste liquors from sulphite and sulphate 

 and soda processes are capable of useful application in several direc- 

 tions, but seem not yet practically used in Canada, except that one mill 

 is reported as recovering so-called rosin oil from the sulphate liquor. 

 Eleven plants in Ontario and Quebec are distilling hardwoods, not 

 only at the rate of 500 cords per day, but refine and produce derived 

 products, and exporting most of the calcium carbide, acetate of lime, 

 and methyl alcohol, the acetate having just now a tremendous demand 

 for acetone in the manufacture of cordite, the most important explo- 

 sive. Canada has developed new chemical processes on a commercial 

 basis for this use. The creosote oils resulting in the distillation have 

 been found suitable for the flotation process used in recovering metals 

 from silver and gold ores. For this use the pine oil from the distilla- 

 tion of softwoods is also applicable, which is as yet undeveloped in 

 Canada. 



Of minor industries only a few are carried on in Canada. The annual 

 maple-sugar product represents over two million dollars in value, and 

 a by-product of this industry, calcium bi-malate, is found superior to 

 cream of tartar or other acids used in baking powders. 



Canada balsam and spruce gum are well-known products. 



The production of ethyl alcohol from wood wastes, which two large 

 plants in the United States operate, is as yet not practically established 

 in Canada. .^ .p^ 



Increased Yield of Turpentine and Rosin from Double Chipping. 

 By A. W. Schorger and R. L. Pettigrew. Bulletin 567, U. S, Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 1917. Pp. 9. 



The fact that the yield of naval stores from the southern yellow pines 

 can be increased by more frequent chipping is again brought out in a 

 timely manner in this publication. Field experiments made by the For- 

 est Service on the holdings of a lumber company at Columbia, Miss., 

 included the chipping of 16,141 faces during the greater part of one 

 season. A portion of the area was chipped by standard methods as a 

 basis for comparison and narrow and double chipping was practiced on 

 the remainder. Through the effect of double chipping (which consists 

 in chipping twice a week, cutting a narrower streak) the yield of tur- 

 pentine was increased 31 per cent and the rosin 36 per cent, with a net 



