1/6 Journal of Agriculture , Victoria. [lo March, 191 2.. 



The exhaustive inquiry conducted by La Revue de Viticulture on the- 

 results obtained during the disastrous 19 10 summer led to the following: 

 conclusions* : — 



The efficacy of copper salts in the treatment of mildew does not admit of any 

 doubt, provided such treatment is applied at a suitable time. The failures which 

 occurred in igio were due in the majority of cases to late treatments, to treatments- 

 which were not plentiful enough, to incomplete treatments not followed up by 

 application of powders, or to treatments with liquids which did not contain a 

 sufficient dose of copper. 



As the result of its inquiry, La Revue issued the following practical' 

 instructions as to what should constitute efficient treatment : — 



1. Spray with copper mixtures in a preventive way before mildew appears in the- 

 region, no matter what the length of the vine shoots may be. 



2. Repeat such spraying, in an offortu7ie manner, every time the vine is in a 

 receptive state; that is, each time that a fall in barometric pressure corresponds- 

 with a fall in temperature. 



3. Execute sprayings very ra-pidly over the whole vineyard, irrespective of 

 weather-; even if it be raining. 



4. Spray abundantly and see that the workmen apply the liquid to all organs- 

 of the vine; gangers to follow up workmen instead of walking in front of them. 



5. Each spraying to be simultaneously carried out on each side of each row. 



6. In districts where vines are trellised, they should be tied up as early as- 

 possible. 



7. As soon as the flowers are formed, spraying to be followed, whilst the vines- 

 are still wet, by sulphuring with sulphur containing 10 per cent, of copper sul])hate 

 or applications of powders of talc, &c., containing 5 to lo per cent, of copper 

 sulphate; these powders to be spread in a cloud in such a way as to cover the whole 

 surface of the grapes; such applications to be made between sprayings, as soon as 

 setting is over. ATter the fruit commences to colour apply no more sulphur, but 

 only copper-containing powders. 



8. Vine-growers should make the necessary arrangements to assure rapid execution 

 of copper treatments. 



9. Vines should be kept in a good state of vegetation, so that they may offer- 

 greater resistance' to the attacks of mildew. 



BEE-KEEPING IN VICTORIA. 



{Continued from, page 115.) 

 F. R. Beuhne, Bee Expert, 



III.— RACES OF BEES. 



Of some twenty known varieties of the honey bee (Apis mellifica) four 

 only have been introduced and established in Australia, viz.. the Black 

 Bee ; the Italian ; the Cyprian ; and the Carniolan. 



TJie Black Bee, it has been stated, was first brought to Tasmania from 

 Great Britain in 1824. From Tasmania .some hives were taken to Sydney 

 and from thence the variety has spread pretty well over the whole of 

 Australia. It is hardy and will fly on cold and wet days when some- 



* Raymond Brunei, Repoi't read at the Tours Vitioultural Congre.ss, 14tli Januar.v, 1911. 



