490 



Journal of Agriciilinrc . '['icti'ria. [lo Aug.. igiz. 



."ind so on, each form being suitably named with a name out of all pro- 

 portion to the size of the germ ; for it must be clearly understood that these 



crganisms are very mniute. 



TIG. 2. BACILLUS ANTHRACIS 



IN SPLEEN. 



rho.5e responsible for the formation of the 

 pus or " matter "' found in an ab.scess vary in 

 s'ze from i/ 51.000th to i/ i:r,oooth of an inch 

 in length; that is to say, 12,000 to 51,000 

 of them placed side by side would be required 

 to measure i inch. Thev may also exist in 

 the form of small rods, termed " Bacilli,' 

 which varv in size tO that from 3,000 to 

 256,000 end to end vrould measure i inch. 

 One of the largest — the " Anthrax Bacidi '"' 

 (Fig. 2) is from i 3,000th to i/20,oooth of 

 an inch. This organism is one of a type 

 which has two stages of life : PMrst, the 

 i);icilli, the actual cause of the sudden deaths 

 which occur ; the other stage, the spore which 

 repren?nts the resting stage, and, as such, is 



^■ery difficult to eradicate from certain districts becau!-:e of its long life and 



the resistance of the spore to the influence of destructive agencies. 



It is recorded that these spores are capable of 



living in the soil for manv years. Cold has 



no effect upon them, for they can live through 



freezing at minus no degrees Cent., and re- 

 quire boding for some hours to destroy them 



.all. Another of these spore-bearing organisms 



is seen in the bacillus of tetanus (Fig. 3), 



Avhich varies in length from 1/8,550 h to 



I /5,100th of an inch, and 1/ 12,600th of an 



inch broad. This bacillus is also an organism 



which it is extremely difficult to deal wdth, 



owing to the fact that the spores which occupy 



■one end of the bacillus and give it the appear- 



.ance of a minute drum-stick, are capable 



of prolonged life outside the animal l;ody 



living in the soil, particularly in flirty, undrained stables. On entering 



ihe animal svstem once more. the\- are capable of producing the original 



FIG. 3. BACILLUS OF 

 TETANUS WITH STORES. 



TIG. 4. BACILLUS OF BLACKLEG : Ul) WITH FLAGELLA : {b) WITH SPORES. 



l;3cillus, the toxins cf poison from which .give rise to- the chain_ of symp- 

 toms known as " lock-jaw.'" Another organism somewhat similar is the 

 bacillus of Blackleg (Fig. 4). It differs in that the bacilli have originally 



