88 SIIHOIM.KTUSIS OK SUDANESK K0WL8 



Miiij 10. Uiril fuuiul (Icail. Kautciial invasion. N<i spiruehmtus I'oiiml in iuli.riial urgaus by tlic 

 ]-cvaditi-VolpiiK) iiictliod. 



('hick S. This example may :\\m l>e iii\tii\ as. like V, the bird was iiioeiilated with blood coutaiuiujr 

 both spirorhivtos and bodies, but eventually recovered. 



.!/<((/ 4. Clean bird. Inoculated from another chiek. 



Miiij C. Bodies nlone found in the blood. It is unfortunate that uu examination was made on Mmj .">. 



Miiii 8. Spiroehii'tes present in lar^je numbers and exist alontf with the bodies. 



.1/(11/ 'J. No si)iroehiBtes and very few bodies found. 



Miijl 10. Only n few small bodies seen. 



Miiij 13. As above. Bird very well. Examination discontinued. 



Is iinmuniiy (p) III cliicks, the presence of iiitra-corpviscular hodies does not signify tliat tlie biid is 



Lpcntui iiiiniune to spirocliictal infection, as has been found, at least so far, to be the case in adult 



on age ? ' ' ' ' 



fowls. Chicks showing bodies have often been successfully inoculated either by tick-bite 

 or tlie needle, with spirochastal material. Is, tlierefore, the inununity of the adult bird, 

 as suggested by Brunipt ipaijc 77) dependent on age alone? Examples have already been 

 given, but several cases may here be quoted with advantage, not only where spirocha.'tosis 

 developed after inoculation but where iuoeulatiou was followed solely, so far as could l;e 

 told, liy a great increase in tin- number (if bodies. 



Ediimpleis : 



Chick Ml. Shows bodies in blood. 



Miiirh i), 1910. Inoculated from fowl with acute spirochaitosis. 



Miiich 10. Bodies only present. No ehaujjc. 



Mnirh 11. Distinct increase in the uuniber of bodies. No spiroch;utcs. 



Miirch 12. Heavy spirocha;tal infection which persisted aloni; with the liodics till Mnrch H, when crisis 

 occurred. 



Chick iM. Bird with slijjht body infection. 



June G, 1910. I'laced in cage with batches of ticks (./. jnrsiciis), some of which, on dissection, sliowed the 

 infective jfniuules to which reference has Ijeen and will be made. 



June 7. No chiintre. 



June 8. Heavy body infection. Duiible and multiple infectiun of red cells not unconinion. This gri"l""".V 

 diniiuislied and the liird, which was never really ill, recovered. 



I 'hick f Its blood contained bodies, it was inoculated with an emulsion of infective tick tissues and developed 

 aoute spirochaitosis. Details need not be ijiveu. The course of the c;isc was similar to that in chick bb. 



Chick I. Shows bodies in blood. 



Mnrch o, 19119. Inoculated from chick, which the day before its blood was taken for this jjurjio.sc, had shown 

 spirochiutes, but to-day {Miicch 5), shows only a few bodies. T'here were, however, in all probability a few free 

 spirochittes still lurkiufj in its blood. tho\i^'h detinitc immf of this (cannot be advanced. 



Mnrch G and 7. No change. 



Mnrch 10. Very considerable increase in the number of bodies. Multij)le infection of red cells. Bird 

 chloroformed. I,ung smears showed bodies only. Nothing special noted. Levaditi sections negative so far as 

 presence of spiroc-ha;tes is concerned. 



((/) Whatever may be the significance of the bodies it would ap[)ear that tlie 



spirochiete infection //<■/■ sn does not protect against itself. If tiiis is tine and if Biuinjit is 



correct, then our spirochtete is like N/'. uirullei in this particular. It must be renienibered, 



however, that to arrive at correct conclusions as regards this matter, several points, as 



Blaizot' has quite recently pointed out, require consideration. These are the methods of 



inoculation, the natuie or rather age of the virus as regards passage and the duration of the 



Hrst attack. One has not had time to work out the (juestion on proper lines, but certain 



osperiinents tend to prove the above statement. 



J'JuMiupIcK : 



Chick r. Mnii 1, 1909. Inoculated with spirochiotal blood from another chi<^k. 



Mill/ 3. Found heavily iiife<-tcd with spiroclnetcs. Ticks (./. jnrsiciis) fed on it. 



Mill/ 4. Both spirochietes and liodies present. 



Mill/ 5. No spirochietes found to-day. Inerca-se in number of liodies. 



.1/(1// H. A great further increase in uuuibcr of bodies. Multiple infeetiou of red cells not unctimmoii 

 Bird seedy l)Ut not very ill. 



.l/((.i/ 9. As aliovc, but in addition "s))ore" forms showing to-day when the bird was again inoculated with 

 chick Ijlood showing both bodies and spirochietes. 



' Blaizot, L. (1910), " NoHvcUus Rocherchcs Bur la spiroohOtosc dcs I'oules." Arch. Instil. I 'nM. 'I'lini.i. I't. IV. 



