KALA-AZAE COMMISSION 165 



It remained continuously in that cage, and on the 112th day it became ill. Ou the 117th day 

 liver iiunctui'e showed tlie presence of Lcishnian-Donovan bodies. It died on the 121st day, 

 31 days before Monkey N. It was very heavily infected, the parasites being present in 

 large numbers in the liver, spleen and bone-marrow. 



NuiL- injected cases 



Monkey H was inoculated with a splenic emulsion from Case I., the emulsion being Non-infected 

 made 8 hours after the death of the patient, when no parasites were present in the spleen "^^^^ 

 smears. (Monkey E was successfully infected from the same case during life). It was 

 chloroformed on the 65th day, but no Leishman-Donovan parasites were found. 



Monkey C was inoculated with a post mortem spleen emulsion from Monkey B, but 

 was not infected by the 108th day, when it was chloroformed. Probably, as NicoUe has 

 pointed out, the parasite tends to lose its virulence when inoculated from monkey to 

 monkey, and this might account for the non-infection in this case, though the positive 

 results obtained in Monkeys L and N show that infection can be conveyed from monkey 

 to monkey. In the two latter, liowever, the inoculation was made from a splenic puncture 

 during life, and in this monkey a post mortem splenic emulsion was used. 



Monkey D died 42 days after inoculation. There was no apparent cause of death, 

 and no Leishman-Donovan parasites were found. 



Monkey K, which was inoculated subcutaneously, shows definite enlargement of the 

 spleen, but one liver puncture and two spleen punctures, have so far given negative 

 results. 



'lilt' i^resence of Leislimaii-Donovaii parasites iit the blood of' iiifecli'd, iitoiikeijs 



Parasites are present in the peripheral blood of infected monkeys, but are difficult The presence 

 to find. In two infected monkeys w'e have searched carefully for parasites in the peripheral „ 

 blood. In one monkey we found, in the fifth slide examined, three parasites inside one parasites in 

 large mononuclear cell, and in another monkey, out of 7 slides examined, we found one 

 parasite. In this instance it was inside a polynuclear cell. monkeys 



Though dogs have been more frequently used in experimental kala-azar, Nicolle and 

 his colleagues have frequently infected monkeys, though so far only by the intraperitoneal 

 method, the subcutaneous method giving only a local reaction, without a general infection. 

 They also found that passage of the disease from monkey to monkey attenuated the virus, 

 tliough the same phenomenon did not apply in dogs. They consider that in the monkey the 

 disease more resembles the human type, marked enlargement of the spleen being usually 

 present. Our results agree with those obtained by these observers, but we have succeeded 

 in infecting monkeys by subcutaneous inoculation, and have also naturally infected one 

 monkey. 



EXI'EIIIMENTAL KaLA-AZAK IX THE DOG 



Inoculation experiments were also carried out to determine if the dog could be 

 infected with kala-azar and the results are shown in Table II. (prnje 166). 



the blood of 

 infected 



