354 



INTKKSTlTIAl, I'NKrMONI A IN A CAMKLS LfNC 



Kibrotic 

 changes 

 ill the lung 



RS. lotf. — Klbrolil pneumoniu In n Ciimel'« lunfi 



The speeiriiun was sent by Captain Knott, A.V.I)., and was taken from a camel that 

 had died in the Red Sea Province. No notes on the iiistory of the camel's illness 

 were obtainable. 



The gross macroscopical 

 lesions present were as follows ; — 

 In appearance, the lung was of a 

 greyish colour and only slightly 

 crepitant. In consistency it was 

 extremely hard, and present on its 

 surface were a few small granular 

 areas of yellowish-white colour. 



Sections were fixed and 

 stained, and microscopical exami- 

 nation showed that almost the 

 whole of the alveolar tissue of the 

 lung had disappeared and had been replaced by a librous tissue, which in parts was of 

 a dense nature. In some areas the alveolar walls could be more or less clearly defined, 

 limiting a fibrinous exudate, in which leucocytes and young connective tissue cells were 

 present. The alveolar walls were considerably thickened, and infiltrated by young 

 connective tissue cells, w^hich could be seen penetrating the contents of some of the 

 alveolar sacs, thereby causing a complete organisation with the result that almost the 

 whole of the lung was represented by proliferative changes of a fibroplastic type. Even 

 the blood-vessels and the capillaries shared in this, and many of the latter were almost 

 obliterated. 



The snuill yellow granular areas w"ere represented, microscopically, by patches of 

 necrosis in which the alveolar walls were considerably broken down. Leucocytes and 

 round cells of an inflannnatory type were present in these areas. The walls of the bronchi 

 and bronchioles were thickened. A small amount of free blood pigment was present. 

 Tubercle nodules were not present nor were any giant cells seen. Sections were stained by 

 Ziehl-Nielsen's and by Gram's methods for the purpose of demonstrating tubercle or 

 other bacilli, but the results were negative. 



Conclusions 



From the macroscopical and the microscopical evidence one must conclude that this 

 condition represented the somewhat uncommon one of interstitial pneumonia in which 

 most of the alveolar tissue of the lung had been replaced by fibrous tissue. As far as 

 I know, this pathological entity has not been previously described in camels. As a primary 

 lesion in man, interstitial pneumonia generally exists in the form of a pneumokoniosis ; 

 syphilis also causes an interstitial pneumonia. More commonly it is a condition either 

 secondary to an acute croupous pneumonia or to a tuberculous infection. 



Malknnis' has recently mentioned it as a sequela of contagious equine pneumonia. 



' Malknnis, Dr. C. (Decemlxjr 31, 1909), " Coiitiifjious Eqiiiuc Pneumonia." ./."•/,/. 

 I'litliiiliiijy and T/icrnj)cutics. 



I 'iimparnlive 



