HETEEOMEKA. 319 



Ligula prominent ; maxillary lobes fringed ; head pro- 

 minent, bent downward; base of antennae free; thorax 

 generally narrower than elytra at base, pronotum scarcely 

 ever separate from sides of prothorax; anterior coxae 

 prominent, conical or cylindrical, contiguous ; intermediate 

 coxae with trochantina, sometimes rather indistinct ; pen- 

 ultimate tarsal joint almost invariably sub-bilobed, claws 

 simple. Pedilidae. 



JB JB, Posterior coxae separated by process of 

 first abdominal segment. 



Ligula prominent ; maxillary lobes fringed ; head bent 

 downward ; eyes entire ; antennae threadlike or gradually 

 thickened ; thorax narrower at base than elytra, pronotum 

 not separate from sides of prothorax ; anterior coxae cylin- 

 drical, prominent, contiguous ; intermediate coxae with 

 trochantina ; penultimate tarsal joint nearly always sub- 

 bilobed, claws simple. Anthicidae. 



b, Mentum carried by a peduncle of submentum. 



I. Head constricted into a neck behind. 



1, Tarsal claws simple or toothed, not split into 

 two unequal portions. 



A A, Thorax narrower at base than elytra. 



Ligula prominent, bilobed ; maxillary lobes horny, 

 fringed ; head moderately inclined ; antennae sawlike or 

 comblike, base free ; pronotum not separate from sides of 

 prothorax ; anterior coxae elongate, nearly cylindrical, pro- 

 minent, contiguous ; intermediate coxae with trochantina ; 

 posterior coxae placed a little apart ; penultimate tarsal 

 joint somewhat bilobed, claws simple, dilated at base ; body 

 soft. Pyrochroidae. 



B H. Thorax not narrower at base than elytra. 



a a. Pronotum separated from sides of pro- 

 thorax. 



Ligula prominent, membranous, heart-shaped, maxillary 

 lobes membranous, fringed, not soldered at base ; last joint 

 of palpi hatchet-shaped ; mandibles with membranous 

 border on inner-side ; head vertical, short, resting on an- 

 terior coxae, neck sunk in thorax ; eyes oval ; antennae 

 threadlike or slightly toothed, base free ; thorax inclined ; 



