32 INSECTA MADERENSIA. 



to the summits of the loftiest peaks. Diu'ing the autumnal and "winter months I 

 have observed it in the greatest profusion in the elevated region between the Pico 

 da Lagoa and the Pico dos Arieros ; and on the extreme summit of the Pico 

 Ruivo, 6100 feet above the sea, in the middle of the siimmer. It is abundant in 

 most parts of Eui'ope, being recorded in Sweden, Germany, France, S^vitzerland, 

 Russia and Dalmatia. In cooler latitudes it would appear to seek the lower 

 lands, — in England being found more particularly on the southern coasts ; and on 

 the sandy sea-shores in Wales. The Madeiran specimens differ from their more 

 northern representatives in having their wings either very rudimentary or else 

 entirely obsolete. 



Genus 12. ANCHOMENUS. 



Bonelli, Ohservat. Enf. i. tah. sipi. (1809) . 



Corpus mediocre vel uiinusculum, elongato-ovatum : prothorace vel (iit in typieis) angustato sub- 

 cordato angulis posticis subrectis, vel (ut in aberrantibus) latiore subtransverso angulis posticis 

 rotundatis : alls modo (ut in spccicbus nostris) amplis, modo obsoletis. Antennce filiformes, 

 capite protlioraccque paulo lougiorcs, articulo primo sequentibus robustiore, secundo brevi, tertio 

 primo longitudine sequali. Labrum quadratum, antice \i\ cmarginatum et setis paucis lon- 

 gissimis instructum. Mandibulce incurvBe acutffi, intus basi denticulatse. Maxilla biloba; : lobo 

 externa palpifornii biarticulato : intcrno acuto incurvo, apice uncinato, intus valde eiliato. Palpi 

 filifornics : maxillareti articulo ultimo subf'usiformi-truncato : lahudes articulo ultimo vel (ut in 

 typieis) subacuminato, vel (ut in aberrantibus) subfusiformi-truncato. Mentum transversum, 

 antice profunde cmarginatum et dente medio acuto integro instructum. Ligula cornea, apice 

 truncata pilisque duobus longissimis aucta; paraglossis membranaceis, ei subsequalibus. Pedes 

 graciusculi : tarsis anticis in maribus articulis primo, secundo et tertio dilatatis : unc/uiculis 

 simplicibus. 



Lilvc so many of the allied genera, Anclwmemis does not in its oral organs 

 present any very decided modifications peculiarly its ovm, — its principal character 

 consisting in the shape of the central tooth of the cmargination of its mentum, 

 which, instead of being bihd, is acute and entu-e. In external aspect the species 

 ha^'c a tendency to arrange themselves under two tyjies of form, which however, 

 since they merge imperceptibly into each other, cannot be considered as of more 

 than sectional importance. In the first of these, which are usually looked upon 

 as the normal members of the group, the prothorax is comparatively narrow and 

 subcordate, and with the hinder angles well defined and more or less approaching 

 to right angles ; the labial palj)i moreover arc slightly acuminated at theii- apex : 

 whilst in the second the prothorax is broader and more transverse, the posterior 

 angles are consideral)ly rounded, and the terminal joint of the labial palpi is, like 

 tliat of the maxillary ones of both divisions, subfusiform-truncate. Tliis latter 

 group has been ordinarily knoAvn under the generic name of Agonnm, but its 

 distinctions are so gradually lost sight of in those of the foi'mer that it cannot 

 possibly be retained as separate, although in coimtries where the intermediate 



