MANIS JAVANICA. 201 



complete »Expositio literaturae de Genere Manis". He 

 accepted for the large scaled species Illiger's name '), viz: 

 laticauda {laticaudata III.) and described the other species as 

 new , under the name of Manis dalmanni. It might have been 

 an easy task for the late Gray to settle the question having as 

 he had, a large number of specimens collected by Hodg- 

 son in Nepaul and by Swinhoe in China, Formosa and 

 Hainan at his disposition. However a comparison of his 

 statements with the individuals in our collection convinces 

 me that he has even augmented the confusion. In 1843 *) 

 Manis auritus Hodgson was according to Gray nothing 

 else than Manis pentadactyla L. In 1865 ^) Gray identified 

 this species with Pholidotus dalmanni Sund. In his Cata- 

 logue (1869) Gray did not alter this opinion,- but in his 

 Handlist (1873) he cites Manis auritus Hodgson under 

 Pangolin indicus , thus arranging it even in another genus. 

 Nevertheless he gives no reason whatever for his doing 

 so. I can only explain this strange behaviour as fol- 

 lows. I have before me three original specimens of Hodg- 

 son's from Nepaul, labelled Manis aurita Hodgson, which 

 entirely agree with Hodgson's description published in 1836 

 and with Sundevall's description of Manis dalmanni. This 

 puts beyond all doubt the fact that the small-scaled Manis 

 inhabits Nepaul. In 1873 Gray brings all the skins from 

 Nepaul which were collected by Hodgson under the head 

 of Pangolin indicus , which species has larger scales and a 

 smaller number of rows of scales on the body than Hodg- 

 son's true auritus^ I thus conclude that Hodgson has col- 

 lected in Nepaul two species of Ant-eaters , M. aurita and 

 M. crassicaudata or the small and the large-scaled Manis ; 

 specimens of both these species must be in the Britsh Mu- 

 seum and when Gray wrote in 1865 he must have had 

 before him a specimen of the small-scaled species, whereas 

 in 1873 he examined and described a large-scaled specimen. 



1) Abh. d. Kön. Akad. d. Wisaensch. Berlin. 1815. p. 90. 



2) List of the specimens in the Britsh MuSeum. 1843. p. 188. 



3) P. Z. S. L. 1865. p. 366. 



^otes from the Leyden IMuseum, "Vol. IV. 



