INTRODUCTION. 



3. Serriform or serraie, in -which the joints arc more or less triangular 

 and compressed, and present a serrate edge on their anterior margin (as 

 in various Elateridre, &c.): as a rule the serriform antennse present no 

 appearance of a club, but at the extreme end of the series there occur 

 forms (e.g. Cleru>t, Corynetes, &c.), in which by insensible gradations 

 they have passed into the fully clavate form ; if the joints of the serrate 

 antennae are much prolonged anteriorly they are said to be pecUnafe (as 

 in Corymhites), if much prolonged on both sides, bipedinate : when 

 the prolongations are very long they are said to be JlabelJate or fan-like 

 (as in Pyrochroa), and when this form of joint is flexible and presents 

 a feathery appearance they are called plumose (as in certain exotic 

 Malacodermata). 



4. Lamelliform or JameUate : this 



Fk. 6. 



really a form of the clavate 

 anteima, in which the clava 

 takes the shape of large plates 

 which oppose flat surfaces to 

 one another, and so form a 

 one-sided club which can be 

 opened or shut by the insect 

 at pleasure : this is shown in 

 Lucanus, and more especially 

 in Melolo7itha ; the club of Lu- 

 ccmus is comparatively small, 

 and is termed ajissate club. 



5. Monilifurm : this is really 

 a transitional form between 

 the filiform and clavate an- 

 tennae : the joints of the an- 

 tennae do not differ greatly in 

 size, but are separately rounded, 

 and present the appearance of 

 a string of beads (as in many 

 of the Chrysomelidse). 



There are many other modi- 

 fications, but the ones referred 

 to are the most noteworthy, 

 and on them have been founded 

 several great divisions of the 

 Coleoptera {Cluvicornia, Sern- 

 co7-7iia, LamelUcornia, &c.) : 

 these divisions are practically 

 useful, but it must be remem- 

 bered that they are more or less artificial, and in many instances are 

 found to pass by gradations the one into the other. 



The antei^inse of the Ehynchophora are very peculiar, and consist, as a 

 rule, of a very long first joint called the sca2:)e, with which the other 

 joints form an angle : the antennje usually end in a clul), and in this case 



1. Filiform. 



2. Capitate. 



3. Perfoliate club. 



4. Geniculate. 



5 Lamellate. 



6. Fissate club. 



7. Serrate. 



8. Pectinate. 



