6 ADEPHAGA. [Cl/chr?lS. 



elytra wide, oval, and convex, granulated ; legs elongate. Occasionally 

 the elytra present traces of three interrupted lines. L. 16 mm. 



Widely distributed, though seldom met with in abundance in any one spot. Found 

 under refuse in woods, and in sand and gravel pits ; not common in Scotland, Low- 

 lands only ; Ireland, near Belfast, Armagh, and Carlingford. 



CARABUS, Linne. 



The genus Carabus is one of the largest of the family of Carabidte, and 

 comprises over 300 species, which have a very wide range in both the 

 Old and New Worlds. For the most part they are large, and many of 

 them are exceedingly beautiful, owing to the brilliancy of their metallic 

 colouring. They are found luider stones and bark, in moss or rotten 

 wood, and are, as a riile, nocturnal in their habits. The commoner 

 species are often found crushed in roads and pathways in the morning. 

 They are exceedingly predaceous, and feed on other insects, molluscs, 

 and even earth-worms. In common with other Carabida^, they have the 

 power of ejecting an acrid and caustic fluid from the anus for purposes of 

 defence. The genus is, as a rule, apterous, and the elytra are very often 

 soldered together. The common C. grcamlatus, however, has the elytra 

 free, and possesses long rudimentary wings, which reach beyond the hind 

 coxce. 



The larva; of Carahus intricatus, violaceus, and cancellatus are figured by 

 Schiodte (Part iii., PI. xvii., 1, 5, 9). They are rather elongate, with the segments 

 of thorax and abdomen of about equal breadth, those of latter becoming narrower 

 towards apex, and the prothorax being somewhat narrowed in front. The larva 

 of (J. intricatus differs considerably from the other two, the head being larger, and the 

 abdominal segments broader and gradually wider behind. The cerci also, although 

 short, are much longer than in the other species. This fact would seem to indicate 

 that C j«/riert^«.? rightly belongs to another genus (C^<E<ocara6«*, Thorns.). West- 

 wood describes and figures the larva of C. auronitens (Classif., vol. i., p. 67). The 

 pupa, he says, is of an ordinary form, with the abdominal segments rounded at the 

 sides, and furnished on each side with a bunch of hairs ; the anal segment is 

 terminated by two conical appendages. These larva; are very voracious. 

 I. Elytra with no distinct raised ribs. 



i. Elytra very strongly rugose longitudinall}', without rows 



of large punctures ; thorax at least as long as broad . C. INTEICatus, L. 



ii. Elytra rather strongly rugose or granulate, with three 

 somewhat obscure rows of large punctures; thorax 

 broader than long C. catenuiattjs. Scop. 



iii. Elytra finely rugose, granulate, or striated. 



1. Elytra with rows of round shallow pores or 



impressions. 



A. Colour bronze. Length 20-24 mm C. nemobaiis, Miill. 



B. Colour black. Length 14-16 mm C. convexcs, F. 



2. Elytra without larger pores or impressions. 



A. Elytra without metallic side border ; thorax 



strongly transverse C. GLABEATUS, Payk. 



B. Elytra with metallic (usually blue or red) side 

 border ; thorax variable, slightly or not at all 



transverse C. vioxacetts, L. 



II. Elytra with three distinctly raised ribs. 



i. Interstices between ribs filled with regular rows of 

 large round metallic impressions C. CLAinEATUS, L. 



