CERVUS TARANDUS. 133 



swollen towards the muzzle, which resembles that of the 

 Horse ; upper lip very long and thick ; eyes small, placed 

 near the horns ; ears very long ; neck short ; under the 

 throat is a tuft of long hair like a beard, and in the male 

 a protuberance on the throat ; tail very short ; hair on 

 the top of the neck and shoulders very long, forming a 

 mane ; the colour of the top of the head, back, and rump 

 is tawny brown, neck, shoulders, flanks, and thighs darker 

 brown. 



Length of head and body, 6 feet 10 inches ; head, 1 foot 

 11 inches; ears, 10 inches; horns, about 3 feet; tail, 

 1 foot 6 inches ; height at shoulders, 5 feet 2 inches. 



Feeds on grass and leaves of trees. From the short- 

 ness of its neck, it cannot graze without spreading apart the 

 fore-legs. Produces one or two, rarely three young at a 

 birth. 



The Elk inhabits woods and moist places in Poland, 

 especially Lithuania, Livonia, Finland, and aU Russia, 

 from the White Sea to the Caucasus, and in Siberia 

 (PaUas). " It is tolerably common in parts of Scandinavia, 

 and, being now protected there by law, is increasing, espe- 

 cially in Wermeland and Dalecarlia ; it seldom passes the 

 limits of 58° and 64° north latitude" (Lloyd). Is supposed 

 to be extinct in Silesia and Gallicia, but is occasionally 

 found in parts of East Prussia. 



Cervus Tarandus. 



Cervus Tarandus, Desm, Mamm. Sp. 663 ; Pallas, Zoog. Ross. As. 

 Cerims rangifer, Brisson. 

 The Reindeer. 



Description. — The horns, which are carried both by the 

 male and female, are much developed ; the shaft is long, 

 slender, compressed ; the antlers palmated, and branch- 

 ing into several irregular terminal points ; the lachrymal 



