252 BATRACHIA. 



there ai'e many together, may be heard for two miles or 

 more around. 



It inhabits nearly the whole of Eiu'ope, except the 

 British Islands. Is common in France, Germany, Italy 

 and its islands ; Poland, Switzerland, and aU the East of 

 Europe. Not uncommon in the South of Eussia, the 

 Crimea, and Caucasus. In Belgium it is but rarely found. 



Genus BUFO. 



The body has a swollen appearance, the skin is warty ; 

 a porous protuberance behind the ear ; there are no teeth 

 in the jaws, and the hind-feet are of moderate length. 



Bufo vulgaris. 



Bufo vulgaris, Dum. et Bib. vol. viii. p. 671 ; Schinz, Europ. Fauu. 



vol. ii. p. 72 ; Buon. Faun. Ital. (figured) ; Bell, Hist. 



Brit. Kep. 

 The Toad. 



Description. — The body is broad, thick, very much swol- 

 len ; the head large, with the crown much flattened ; 

 muzzle obtuse and rounded ; gape very wide ; no teeth 

 either on the jaws or the palate ; the tongue entire, not 

 notched; over each eye a slight porous protuberance, a 

 larger one on each side behind the ears ; on the fore -feet 

 the third toe is the longest ; the first and second are equal, 

 and longer than the fourth ; the hind-legs scarcely longer 

 than the body, with five toes, and the rudiment of a sixth, 

 webbed for half their length, the fourth much the longest, 

 the third a httle longer than the fifth ; the skin both above 

 and below is covered with warts and pimples of various 

 sizes ; these are largest on the back, but more crowded on 

 the beUy; tympanum more or less visible in different 

 individuals. 



