FEOM THE EDDYSTONE GROUNDS TO START POINT. 495 



Distribution. Geographical. Mediterranean, Bay of Biscay, British Seas, Norway, 

 Kattegat (Gourret, Bonnier, Norman, Meiuert). 



Depth. 8 fathoms to 550 fathoms (Bonnier, No. 10). 



Bottom-deposit. Gourret (No. 31) records the species in the Mediterranean from 

 muddy gravel and sand, from coralline gravel, from muddy gravel, and from nmddy sand. 

 Bonnier (No. 10) found it at Concarneau on the same kind of bottom as E. tumefacta. 

 Pruvot (No. 98), on gravel, on nuid and sand. Milne- Edwards and Bouvier (No. 80), 

 on gi-avel, sand and broken shell, on line sand, and on grey sand. Metzger (No. 78) 

 records it in the North Sea three times on sand and shell, once on fine grey sand, and 

 three times on mud and sand. "Walker (Nos. Ill and 112) records it in the Irish Sea from 

 shell sand and small gravel, and Haddon (No. 34) on the south-west coast of Ireland on 

 coarse sand. In the Kattegat Meiuert (No. 75) mentions it as occurring occasionally on 

 pure mud, generally on mud with gravel or sand. The species therefore clearly is most 

 plentiful on coarse deposits. 



Gonoplax angidata. Chart XIII. (Followmg Fisher and Bonnier, 

 G. angulata and G. rhoinboides are here treated as one and the same 

 species.) One specimen of this species only was obtained, on Ground V. 

 (haul 90), four miles north-east of the Eddystone. As will be seen from 

 Table II., the bottom-deposit on this ground consists of sand of a some- 

 what coarser texture than the majority of the tine sands examined, but 

 containing at the same time a high percentage of silt (7 per cent). 



Habits. According to Cranch " they live in excavations formed in 

 the hardened mud," and " their habitations, at the extremities of which 

 they live, are open at both ends." It is probably on account of this 

 habit that specimens of the species are so seldom captured. 



Distribution. Geographical. Mediterranean, Canary Islands, Bay of Biscay, English 

 Channel, Irish Sea, South-West Ireland (Gourret, Bonnier, Bell, "Walker, Holt). It is not 

 recoi-ded from the North Sea or from Norway. 



Depth. Shallow water to 50 fathoms (Bonnier, No. 10). 



Bottom-deposit. A. 0. Walker records Gonoplax on fine mud (45 fathoms) in the Irish 

 Sea ; Holt (No. 48), on sand (45-48 fathoms) on the west coast of Ireland. Cranch (fide 

 Bell, No. 9) found it in hardened mud (shore ?) ; Marion (No. 74), on mud ; Gourret (No. 

 31), on muddy gi-avel and on mud. Bonnier (No. 10) states that at Concarneau the species 

 is frequently taken by lobster fishermen in their pots. 



MOLLUSCA. 



Nomenclature: — Lamellibranchiata and Gasteropoda, Forbes and 

 Hanley, History of British Mollusca. For geographical distribution 

 I have relied largely on Gwyn Jeffrey's British Conchologij and on 

 Locard (Travailleur ct Talisman. Mollusca. No. 69). 



Pholas parra. One specimen only, on the Prawle Stony Ground 

 (XVIII.) in haul 4 The animal was found, along with numerous 

 specimens of Pholadidca pa^nfraeca, boring in red trias rock. 



The species is recorded boring in new-red sandstone, marl, clay, 

 and submarine peat (Jeffreys, No. 55). Montague found it in decayed 

 wood at Salcombe (Forbes and Hanley, No. 25). It appears to be a 



