54 



SCANDINAVIAN FISHKS. 



THE BLACK SEA-BREAM (sw. hafsrudan). 



CAXTHARUS LIXEATUS. 



Fig. 14. 



Colonriiu/ of the body f/ra/i irifh a blue or greenish lustre, during i/oufh marked iritli transverse I)a}>ds. Along 

 the middle of the rows of smies run yelloivish hroum longitudinal streaks, darkest on the lateral line. Both the 

 superior-posterior lines of muciferous ducts on the head meet on the occiput, are dark and include on each side 



a triangular patcli of common scales, ivhich points uptvards. 



Fig. 14. Black fSea-Bream {Canthnrus lineatiis) from Clirisliauia Fjord. V'., natural size. 



R. br. 6; D. j^; A. -^; P. 2 + 13+1; V. -~; V.x+\b + x; 



L. lat. 72—74"; L. tr. 7. + 1 ''• 

 18 



iSi/)i. Krivd^ctgog, Aristotle, Uaniharus, Ovid, Scaraboeus, Gaza 

 (vide Artedi). 



Spams lineis utrinciue luteis loiigitudinaliter parallelis, iride 

 argentea. Art., Gen. Pise, p. 36; iSi/n. p. 58. 



■Sjiaftis Cantliarus, Lin., iSyst. Nat., ed. X, torn. I, p. 280. 



Sparus linealus, Montaqd, Mem. Worn. Nat. Hist. Soc, II, 

 (1815) p. 451, tab. XXIII; Gthu (Cantliarus), Cat. Brit. 

 Mus., Fish., I, p. 413; Li)TK., Vid. Meddel. Naturh. For. 

 Kbhvii 1865, p. 220; Coll., Vid. Selsk. Forh. Cliristiama 

 1874, Tilla^gsh., p. 17; Wintu., Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, 

 ser. Ill, Bd XII (1879), p. 8; Id., ZooI. Dan., Fiske, p. 14, 

 tab. Ill, lig. 1 ; Day, Fis/i. G:t Brit., Irel., I, p. 2G, tab. 

 IX; LiLLJEB., aS'u., Norff. Fn., Fisk., I, p. 210; Coll., N. 

 Mag. Naturv. Christ., Bd. 20 (1884), p. 50. 



Cantliarus vulgaris, Canth. hraiiia, Cnntli. orbicularis{'i), Cantli. 

 (jrisem, Val. in Cuv., Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., VI, pp. 31'.), 

 328, 331, 333, tab. 160; Cantli. griseus et Canth. vulgaris. 



NiLss., Ukand. Fn., Fisk., pp. 118 ct 110; {'f)Canth. orbicu- 

 laris, BoNAP., Fn. Ital, vol. Ill (Pesci), tab. 89; Canth. 

 griseus, Canth. brama, C?) Canth. orbicularis, Moreau, Hist. 

 Nat. Poiss. Fr., vol. Ill, pp. 49, 52, 54. 

 Canthartis Linnei, Malm, Gbijs, Boh. Fn., pp. 97 et 384. 



Obs. With regard to the relation between Cantharus lineatus 

 and C. brama Steindachneu (1. c.) has reminded us of the doubtful- 

 ness of a character derived from the presence or absence of an in- 

 cision in the lower margin of the preorbital bone (between the two 

 anterior suborbital bone.s) to receive the knob on tlie maxillary bone, 

 which is quite as inconstant. Though Bonaparte (1. c.) employs this 

 character in his diagnosis of C. oi'bicularis, both in his figure and 

 his description of the species there occurs a slight curve {un leggero 

 sino) in this margin. As far as the form of the body is concerned, 

 in which respect C. orbicularis could at most be regarded onlj' as a 

 variety with a deeper form, it is also remarkable that the depth of 

 the body, which according to Steindachner increases with age, may 

 rise as high as '/,q of the length'^ in C. lineatus, while in C. 

 orbicularis it may be as low as '"n'', a circumstance which re- 

 duces the expression for this character to l'/.j % of the length of 

 the body. 



" 68 — 72 ( + 5 or 6 on tlie caudal fiii), according to Stejndachner (1. c). 



, 9V2 — 10',., 

 — To — 7o~ + ^' according to Steindachnek (1. c). 

 1 o — 1 y 



■" Steindachneb (1. c). 



■' MORRAU, 1. c, p. 54. 



