294 



SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 



between them in an adult state. Even Cijcloptenis 

 partially retains the external similarity to the tadpole; 

 but the marked development of the forepart of the 

 body and its deeper (shorter) form, together Avith the 

 singular covering of the skin, give Cyclopteriis a greater 

 resemblance to Ostracion or Diodon, to which fishes 

 this genus was partly united even b)' Artedi and 



LlNNiEUS". 



The genus contains only two species, both of north 

 ern and Arctic origin, but only one, the more southern 

 species — distinguished by the shorter head, the larger 

 gill-openings, the longer rays in the second dorsal, anal 

 and caudal fins, the more or less complete dermal co- 

 vering of the first dorsal fin, and the dermal plates, 

 arranged partly in rows, on the body — is knoAvn to 

 belong to tlie Scandinavian fauna. 



THE LUMP SUCKER (sw. sjuryggen). 

 CYCLOPTERUS LUMPUS 



Plate XVI. 



Leiu/fJi of the head Jess than ^ ., of that of the body. Least depth of the tail more than ^/^ of the lene/fh of the 

 head, and the length of the caudal fin more than ^, r, of the latter. GiU-openings extending doirnicards in front 

 of the upper part of the base of the pectoral fins. Longest rags in the second dorsal and the anal fins measur- 

 ing more than 14 % of the length of the body. First dorsal fin, in adult specimens, so completely overgrown that 

 sometimes no free rays are externally visible. The large dermal plates arranged in distinct, longitudinal, 



elevated rows on the body. 



R. bi: 0; D. (6—8)1 



1 



; A. 



I 



(9)10 9(10) 



P. 20; V. 6; C. .f + + ,c; 



Vert. 28 1. 29. 



A'(/«. (.'i/clopterus. Art., Gen. Pise, p. 61; 6'i/n. Pise, p. 87; C'//t'- 

 loplerus if. Liimpus, Lin., /(. Oland.. p. 110; Fn. ,iiiec., 

 ed. I, p. 103; It. i>can.. p. 188; Ascan., Icon. Per. Nat., 

 tab. XXXIV. 



Cyclopterus heptaijomis, Lin., Mus. .\d. FricL, I, p. 57. 



Cycloptenis Lumpiis, Lin., Sy&t. Nat., efl. X, toiii.I, p. 260; Fabr., 

 Fn. Groenl., p. 1.31; Moiir, Isl. N'attirli., p. 61; Retz., Fji. 

 fSnec. Lin., p. 327; Pai.jistb., Qven.s., Sw.. Sveyisk ZooL, 

 No, 52; Ekstr., Vet.-Akad. Ilan.tl. 1831, p. 100; Pau,., 

 Zooijr. Ros.^. As., vol. Ill, p. 72; Nilss., Prodr. Ichth. Scand., 

 p. 61; Kr., Damn. Fi.H-r, vol. II, p. 490; Nn.ss., Skand. 

 Fn., Fisk., p. 232; Gtiii!^ Cat. Brit. Mus., Fi.ih., vol. Ill, 

 p. 155; Mgrn, Finl. Fisk. (disp. Helsiugf.). p. 17; Lindstii., 

 Gotl. L. Husli. Siillsk. Arsber. 1866, p. 16 (sep.); Coll., 

 Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christ. 1874, Till.x'gsh., p. 63; Seidl., Fn. 

 Bait., pp. 29 et 122; Mai„\i, Ghgs, Boh. Fn., p. 445; Bncke, 

 Fisch., Fischer., Fischz. 0. imd IV. Prettss., pp. S5 ct 201; 

 WlNTH., Naturli. Tidskr. Kbhvii, ser. 3, vol. XII, p. 19; 

 MoR., Hist. Nat. Poiss. Fr., vol. Ill, p. 349; Day, Fish. 

 Gt. Brit., IreL, vol. I, p. 179; Mei.a, Vert. Fenn., p. 'ISi, 



tab. IX; M6b., Hcke, Fisch. 0.its., p. 58; JoRD., GiLB., Bull. 

 U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 16, p. 747; Lillj., Sv., Nm-g. Fisk., 

 vol. I, p. 718; Hansen, Zool. Dan., Fiske, p. 39, tab. VI, 

 figg. 11 et 12. 

 (Jijclopterus minutns. Pall., Spic. Zool., fasc. VII, p. 12, tab. 



III, figg. 7—9: MtlLL. (Rathke) (Gobius), Zool. Dan., istsc. 



IV, p. 38, tab. CLIV. B, figg. 1 — 3; — juv. bujus spec, 

 vide Fries, Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1838, p. 226, tab. IV, fig. 1, 

 a — c; v. DCb., Kor., ibid. 1844, p. 116, tab. Ill, fig. 8, a — c. 



Ci/clopterns paconintis, Shaw.; (Ji/cl. coertileus, Mitch.; Lumpiis 

 Anglorum (Wii.lughby), Dekay, Stoker; Ci/clopterus corona- 

 tiis. Couch: — vide Day, 1. c. 



Athi.: Forma balticn cbaraelcribus juvenilibus et pinnis Ii et .4 

 altioribus distinguifiir. 



In Sweden and on the coasts of Europe the Lump 

 Suckei' pi'obably never exceeds a length of (5 dm. and 

 a Aveight of 5^ 'o kgrm., and is generally much smaller*. 

 The females are, as a rule, larger and, especially during 

 pregnancy, thicker than the males. A gravid female 

 46 cm. long, according to Nilsson, weighs ?>^ 5 kgrm. 

 According to Buckland, a, female 5 dm. long and ?> 



" Orhis ranii3 rictu and (Jrbis spinosns in Clusius, Wili.uoiiby and Ray, Crai/rcicion ore rictu raniv and Crayracion scutatus in Klein, 

 are synonymous with Ostracion rotiindo-oblongus, tuberculis ntrinque, pinna dorsi longissima and Ostracion snbrotundns, aeuleis undique brevi- 

 bus planis, ventre glabro, in Artedi (Gen., p. 59; Syn., p. 86), and Diodon raniniis and Diodon ■■apinosiis in Linn.eus (Syst. Nat., ed. X, 

 tuni. I. pp. 335 and 3:!6), botli of wliich wv.tv subsequently referred by Linn.bus (Syst. Nat., ed. XII, toni. I, p. 414) to Cyclopterus lampiis. 



'' Muiiius and Heincke state the niaxiniuni length of the Lump Sucker at 12 dm.; Stoker (Mem. Amer. Acad., VIII, part. 2, p. 404) 

 states that the largest specimen he had seen Aveighed 18^4 lbs. = 8''2 kgrm. Tlie largest specimen belonging to the Royal Museum is 485 

 mm. in lengtli, and was taken in Norwegian Finniark (1837, S. Loven). 



