SCOMRHESOCID.K. 



347 



THE GARPIKE (sw. NAnnfiADDA). 

 UAMl'IllSTOMA IJELOXE. 



IMalr Will, (ig. 3. 



Sefif (11)11 i/l/l-nilxers in an oKfcr roir mi flic frmit of llic Jiisf hntiicliiiil (ink: f/ill-ntkcrs in the inner voir of tliis arcli, 

 initl also in both roics mi flic three jiosferior liriineliiiil iirrhes verrueose. Dorsiil ainl onal fins falciform, ivifh the 

 anterior jnirf elongated to a jioiiit mnl firiee or more than firice as hifili as the posterior jnirt of these fins, where 

 the rails are of iniifonn heir/ht. No lateral carina on the tall, the hrcaillh of ichirh, at the shallowest j)cirt of the 

 body, (jenerally measures about 7i "'' '/» of the deptli of the body at this point". 'The lateral line runs along the 

 margin of the belly and ends al the termination of the anal fin. Longitudinal diameter of the eye in full-grotvn 

 specimens (hetireen (! and .'? dm. long) from ahoiit 85 to SO % of the jwstorbital length of the head, or from 78 



to (Id % of the least breadth of the interorbital space. 



R. hi: 9 — i:!; D. 2+10 1. 17''; A. 2 + lit 1. 20'' 

 V. 1 + 5; 0. .r+i:!'' + .i'; Vert. 80 84. 



r. 1 + 1 2 



Syn. Acus, Plin., Gaz., cett. vet. (vide Autedi, 6//». Pise, p. 27); 

 Afus prima species, Roxdei,., De Pise, hb. VIII, cap. 3; Aciis 

 viil(/(iris sive Oppiani, WiLi.iiGiiBy, Hist. Pise, p. 231, tab. 

 P, 2, fig. 4. 



Eso.v Bellone, Lin., iSyst. Sat., ed. X, toin. I, p. 314; Esox 

 Ddone, LiN., Fn. ■Siiec, ed. II, p. 12C; Bl., Fisch. Deutschl., 

 pl. I, p. 236, tab. XXXIII; Mull., Zool. Dan. Prodr., p. 

 40; MOHB, Isl. Natnrh., p. 82; Eisso, Icht. Nice, p. 330; 

 SwARTZ, «S'«. Zool., torn. II, No. 40; Reuter et Sundm. 

 {Delone), Fiiil. Fislc., tab. XXI. 



Belone acus, Risso, Eur. Mer., turn. Ill, p. 443; Ekstb., Vet.- 

 Akad. Handl. 1831, p. 70; Bon.\p., Icon. Fn. Ital, torn. Ill, 

 Pesci, tab. 122; Cuv., Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. XVIII, 

 p. 414; Gthr, Cat. Brit. Miis., Fisli., vo). VI, p. 251; 

 Steind., Stzber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Matli. Natiirw. CI., Bd. 

 LVII, I (1868), p. 732; Mor., Hist. Nat. Poiss., Fr., torn. 

 Ill, p. 472; LiLU., ^v.. Nor;;. Fish., vol. II. p. 436. 



Belone vulgaris, Fleji., Brit. Aniin., ]>. 184; NiLSS., I'rodr. 

 Ichth. Sctnid., p. 37; Cuv., Val., 1. c., p. 399; Nilss., Stcand. 

 Fn., Fisk., p. 354; Mgrn, Finl. Fisk. (disp. Helsiiigf. 1863) 

 p. 67; LiNDSTR., Gotl. Fisk., Got). Hush. Sallsk. arsber. 1866, 

 p. 18 (sep.); Coll., Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christ., 1874, Tillaegsh., 

 p. 176; Skidl., Fn. Bait., p. 02: Coll., 1. c. 1879, No. 1, 

 p. 94; VVixTH., Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, ser. 3, vol. XII, 

 p. 86; Mela, Vert. Fenn., p. 356, tab. X; Day, Fisli. Gt. 

 Brit., Irel., vol. II, p. 147, tab. CXXVII, fig. 1; Mob., 

 HcKE, Fiscli. Osts., p. 68; Coll., N. Mag. Niiturv. Christ., 

 Bd. 29 (1884) p. 110; B.scke, Handb. Fisclic. Fischer. 

 (M. v. d. Borne), p. 101. 



Belone rostrata, Faber., Fiscli. Isl., p. 152; Norpm., Voy. 

 Buss. mer. (Dkmidoff), torn. Ill, p. 514, tab. 25, fig. 1; 

 Kb., IJanm. Fiske, vol. Ill, p. 255; Bxcke, Fisch., Fischer., 

 Fischz. 0-. ]Vestpr., p. 101. 



Obs. IWiOVYj in Aristotle, as Swartz' and Valenciennes' 

 have already shown, undoubtedly referred to tlie Pipe-fishes (Syn- 

 gnathus). 



The Garpike, in Sweden known Jis Kdhbgddda 

 (Beaked Pike) or, more commonly on the west coast, 

 Horngddda, Horugdll or Hornfisk, attains a length of 

 nearh^ 94 cm., according to Kroyer. The largest spe- 

 cimen we have examined, was from the Sound and mea- 

 sured 82 cm. in length" to the end of the middle rays 

 of the caudal fin. Nilsson states that in Sweden the 

 average length of the species is between 64 and 74 cm. 

 The form of the body varies considerably Avith age: 

 in specimens between 160 and 200 mm. long the depth 

 is still only about 5 % of the length, while in .speci- 

 mens between 700 and 800 mm. long the depth is about 

 8 or 9 % of the length. The breadth of the body and 

 its .sectional shape are just as vai-iable: the greatest 

 breadth (thickness) is generally about Vs of tbe greatest 

 depth, but in old specimens sometimes rises to at least 

 72 % thereof. In young specimens the body is often 

 sharplj' compressed from the broad dorsal side to the 

 ventral edge, while in the older specimens the abdominal 

 region is more terete in a quadrangular shape, the lower 

 part of the head compressed, and the tail more cylin- 

 drical. The abdominal region is throughout of fairly 

 uniform depth; but the head anteriorly a.ssuraes the 

 typical beak-like shape, and the tail tapers from the 



" Sometimes, however, the breadth of the body at this point is eipial to the depth. 



' Sometinics 2+18, sometimes 2+15. 



' Sometimes 2 + 21, sometimes 2+16, 2+17 or 2 + 18. 



■* Sometimes 14, according to Day and Lilljeboro. 



' Hv. Zool., TI, No. 40, p. 43. 



/ Cuv., Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. XVIII, p. 396. 



' In this species tlie length of the bodv is measured from the tip of the lower jaw. 



