FLOUNDEK-FISIIKS. 



383 



THE LEMON DAB OR SMEAR DAB (sw. bergskaddan). 



PLEURONECTES MICROGEPHALUS. 



Plate XX, tig. 1. 



JJodi/ h'fs I'loiKjaicd than in flic pn'rediiii) species, the (jreafest dcplli beinfi generuUi] from :i'j to :i8%" of tlie length. 

 Dorsal and (tn(d fins with numerous rai/s, the former ivith about '.)() — 94, the latter tvith about 72 — 7'). Least 

 depth of the toil more than 9% {aluiut !r:>—l()\2%) of the length of the Imhj. Length of the head less than 17 % 

 {about 10^/), — J '}%''} of the length of the \>odg, and tlic distance between the anal fin. and the tip of the snout less 

 than 24 % {about 22'^ j.^ — l^^i-, %) thereof. Lostabdomlnal bone not projecting in a spine behind the vent. Rays of 

 the renfnd fins as a rule 5. Head without externally visible muciferous cavities. Lateral line slightly curved 

 above the pectoral fins, but with this exception straight. Vertebra; about 48. Jatvs furnished tvith close-set incisor- 

 like teeth, few {at most 2 jxr 3) or none on the eye side, and at most about 17 on the blind side; pharyngecd teeth 

 comparatirelji n-eaJc and scattered, pointed, and set in a single row on each of the six upper pharyngeals and in 

 a double row on both of the lower pharyngeals. Coloration of the eye side reddish or yellowish brown; 



pectoral fin of the same colour as the body. 



R. hi: 7; D. 87"^— 98; A. 72''— 75; P. 10; V. b'\ V.x+U 

 1. 15 + ,r: /.//(. hit. ca 120/; Vert. 48 1. 49^'. 



«S'y/i. T^a i-raie Umandelle, DUH., 2V. d. Pi'cli., part. II, toni. Ill, 



sect. IX, p. 2G8, tab. VI, figg. 3 et 4. 

 Pkuronectes kitt (p. p.) Walb., Ichth. Art., Ill, p. 120. 

 Pletironeetes microcephalus, Donov., Brit. Fish., vol. II, tab. 



42; Fr., Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1838, p. 173; Kr. (Platessa), 



Damn. Fiske, toI. II, p. 316; Lilu. (Pleitronectes), Vet.- 

 Akad. Handl. 1850, p. 334; NiLss., S'kdiid. Fn., FisL, p. 



009: Ekstr., v. Wright, 6'kand. Fisk., ed. 1, p. 217, tab. 56; 



Gthr, Cat. Brit. Mus., Fish., vol. IV, p. 447; Coll., Forh. 



Vid. Selsk. Christ. 1874, TilliPgsh., p. 145; Cederstr., Ofvers. 



Vet.-Akad. Fcirh. 1876, No. 4, p. G6; Malm, Gbgs, Boh. 



Fn., p. 526; W^inth., Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, ser. 3, vol. 



XII, p. 40; Steind., Stzber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Na- 



turw. CI., Bd. LXXX, I, 1880, p. 165 (p. 47, sep); MOR. 



(Platessa), Hist. Nat. Poiss. Fr., toin. Ill, p. 294; Day 



(PI/;itroiiectes), Fish. Gt. Brit., Irel., vol. II, p. 28, tab. fll ; 



Moi!., HcKE, .Fisch. Osts., p. 98; Lilu., ^Sv., Norg. Fn., 



Fisk., vol. II, p. 402. 

 Pkuronectes Qnenselii, Hollbkrg, Boh. Fisk., Gbgs Wett., 



Witt. Sainh. N. Ilandl., part. IV, p. 69 cnm tab. 

 Pkuronectes quadridens, Fabr., D. Vid. Selsk. Afh., part. I, p. 



39; Faber, Isis, 1828, p. 884; Id., Fisch. IsL, p. 138. 

 Pkuronectes microstotnus, Faber, Isis 1828, p. 886; Tidskr. 



f. Naturv. Kbhvn, Bd. 5 (1828) p. 245; Nilss., Prodr. 



Ichth. Scand., p. 53; Scuagebstr., Physiogr. Sallsk. Tidskr. 



1837, H. 3, p. 310. 

 Pkuronectes Pola, Cuv., Eigne Anim., cd. II (1829), p. 339. 

 Pkuronectes Cynoglossus, Nilss., Prodr., 1. c. 

 Microstomus hitidens, Gottsche, Wiegm. Arcli. f. Natiirg.. 



.Jahrg. I, Bd. 2, p. 150. 



Obs. It is scarcely probable that Pennant's Smear-Dab (PI. 

 Icevis, Shaw) belonged to this species, for the dorsal fin, according to 

 Pennant (Brit. Zool., 1776, III, p. 202), contained 79 rays, the 

 greatest depth of the body was 61 "^ of the length, and "the lateral 

 line was much incurvated for the first two inches from its origin." 

 That Pennant's fig. 106 (representing a Zeiigopterus punctatus) does 

 not belong to this species, has already been remarked by Fries. 

 Jagg's kitt (Ray: Syn. Pise, p. 162, fig. 1) probably belonged to this 

 species''; and Wahlbaum's PL kitt would thus enjoy the right of 

 priority as a specific name (cf. Jordan and Goss, Rep. Comni. Fish.. 

 Fisher. 1886, p. 299) if its establishmeiit had not been based as 

 much on Pennant's authority as on Jagg's. 



The average length of the Lemon Dab in Scandi- 

 navia is about 20 — 25 cm. The largest specimen found 

 by Ekstrom in Bohuslan was 40 cm. long, and the 

 largest specimen Lilljeborg had seen, 46 cm. long. 

 Thus it is usuallv smaller than the preceding species, 

 whicli it resembles pretty closeh' in the form of the 

 body and the other characters. However, the absence 

 of tlie anal spine, the tumid, red lips, the redder and 

 moi'e spotted coloration, the smaller scales — especially 

 on the rays of the dorsal and anal tins, where the scales 

 are set in 7 or 8 rows — and lastly the abundant mucous 

 secretion of the skin (the origin of the name of Smear Dab), 

 all combine to render this species easily recognisable. 



The body is of an oblong, oval .shape and gene- 

 rallv deeper than in the preceding species, the greatest 



" From 32 to 40 'i, according to Kroykr. 



'' Sometimes 14'/,, according to Kroyer, or even 14, according to Gottsche. 



'■ Sometimes 85, according to Collett. 



■' From 70 — 76, according to Day and Lill.ieboeg. 



' Sometimes 6, according to Gottsche. 



■' Sometimes 110, according to Kroyer, or 130. according to Day. 



'■' From 46 to 48, according to Gottsche. 



'■ Cf. Couch, Fish. Brit. IsL. vol. III. p. 187. 



