KLOrNlJKR-FISIlES, 



421 



THE ROUGH DAB (sw. i,kkk]a;ni)ha.\). 



1>1;KI'.\N()1'SRTTA I'LATESSOIDES. 



I'latc XVII, tig. :;. 



Jaw-teeth set in h sim/lf ymr liatli in flic iijiprr nml tlic loircr j((n\ liiitncMostegal rai/s S. (Ull-rdkcis on the 

 fir-ft hrmicliidl arrli at iii(»'t 15. Leuf/fli of flic Iniiuvli of flic loircr jnir on flic. hJinil siilc more, on flic ci/e side 

 ttsuallij less, flinn linlf flic Icni/fli of flic licml. Scales of fin: Ixnli/ fnnli/ iitfiirliexh on flic cije side extendinf/ over 

 (ill flic fiii-rin/s mill in front, at least /nirfli/, orcr the jnic-honcs. Lnteral Vine without dorsal branch in n back- 

 ward direction. Tofiil Icni/tli of the head rai'i/ini/ fietween 20 and 2r} %" of the leufjfh of the bod if, its //osforbitid 

 length Itetirccn altonf 1:> and 14 "J' thereof. Coloration, of the eije side graijish firoirn irith a dash of red. sjnitted 



iritli darl,- liroini: blind side bluish irhite- 



R. In: «: 1). 7(5- 

 C. x + XI 1. 14 +,('.; Liu. 

 Vert. 45 1. 40. 



-93-^^; .4. (54 — 73''; F. 10 — 13'': V. i5; 



Int. 85 — 102( + '2() — 25 in pimi. ciinclali); 



./; Viitimx platessoides, niiiei-icaua: altitud. max. corporis > '''^ ,,)(, 

 kiiigit. ejusdeni; altitud. minim, corporis > '' 4 loDgit. mandib. 

 in l.ilerc (iciilari. Num. rad. piuu. pector. 12 I. 13. 

 •Syn. Plenionecles plutessoide.-i, Fabr., Fit. Groenl., p. 1(54; D. Vid. 

 Selsk. Naturv., Math. Afh., vol. I, p. 50; Reinh. (Vitliarits; 

 110111. gen. antea usurp.), ibid., vul. VII, p. 130; Kr... Voi/. 

 Scaii'L, celt. (Gaim.), tab. 21; Gu.l (Drepnnopi^Hta), Proc. 

 Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1861, App., p. 50; {Hi ppof/lossoides), 

 ibid. 1864, p. 217; Bk. Goode, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 

 3 (1880), p. 471; Jord., Gii.b., Bnll. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 

 16, p. 82(5. 



Hippocflo.'isoiile.i liiiiandoide.i, Goode et Bean, .Vmcr. Jnuiu. Sc, 

 Arts., vol. XVII (1879), p. 39. 



li: Forma limandoides, palicarctica; altitud. max. corporis <C '", kio 

 longit. ejnsdeiii; altitud. minim, corporis < '"1011 longit. 

 inandib. in latere oculari. Num. rad. pinii. pector. <C 12. 

 iSyn. Fteuroneetes liiiguntnla, Pontopp., Daitst,- All. I, p. 649, tab. 

 27; .Mull., Zoof. Dan. Prodi:, p. 45, No. 377; Rktz., Fh. 

 Suec, Lin., p. 332; — nee PI. linij'iatula LlNN^l, qiue spe- 

 cies ex Aisr. et Willl'giib. = Citharus liiiijtiatida auctt., in 

 mari .Mcditerraneu; vide Fries, Ve(.-Akad. Haiidl. 1838, 

 p. 179. 



Pleuronecte-i limain/oides, Bl., AusL Fisch., part. Ill, p. 24, 

 tab. CLXXXVI: (^vens., Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1806, ])p. 54 et 

 222; F.4B., Tidskr. Naturv., V (1828), p. 244 et Isis, 1828, 

 p. 878; NiLSS., Prodr. Ichth. Scand., p. 57; Schaoerstr., 

 Physiogr. Sallsk. Tidskr.. p. 312; Parn. (Platessa), Wern. 

 Mem., v<il. VII, p. 368. tab. XXXVIII; SuND. et v. Wright 

 (Pleuronecte.'i), -Skimd. Fi.^k., ed. I, p, 117, tab. 27; Kr. 

 (Platessa), Danm. Fiske, vol. II, p. 358 el vol. I, p. 611; 

 NiLSs. (Plciirojiectes), Skaiid. Fn., Fid:, p. 629; Gthr 

 {Hippoglossoide.<i), Cat. Brit. Mus.. Fisli., vol. IV, ]). 405; 

 Cull., Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christ. 1874, Tilliegsli., p. 136; 



:\Ialm, Ohys, Boh. Fn., p. 509; Winth., Naturh. Tidskr. 



Kbhvn, ser. 3. vol. XII, p. 37; Day, Fish. Gt. Hrit., Irel., 



vol. II. p. 9, tab. XCV; MOb., Hoke, Fisch. Cits., p. 88. 

 Hippoijlossiis {Hippoglossoides) Limanda, Gottsche, Arch. 



Naturg., Jahrg. I, Bd. 2 (1835), p. 168. 

 Drepanopsetta platessoides, Malmgr., Ofvers. Vet.-Akad. Forh. 



1864, p. 526; Coll. {Hippoglossoides), Forh. Vid. Selsk. 



Christ. 1878. No. 14, p. 92; ibid. 1879, No. 1, p. 74; 



Norsk. Nordh. Exped., Zool., Fiske, p. 114; Lill.1., Hv., 



Xorg. Fn., F/.d:, vol. II, p. 299. 



Obs. In recent times it has lieen the general practice to follow 

 Collett's example and identify the Greenland and North American Dre- 

 j'lanopsetta platessoide.i with the European Drepi. limandoides; and it 

 cannot be disputed that the difference between them is only slight. Even 

 in liis (kitaloyue (1. c.) Gijnther suspected tluit these two species 

 were identical. However, he could not defend his opinion by person- 

 ally comparing American and European sjiecimens. Now, on making 

 such a comparison — though we liave had only three American speci- 

 mens, one male and two females — we find the differences between 

 them far too important to admit of our unhesitating assent to the 

 identification of the two species. It is true, as Collett has pointed 

 out, that in the European form the number of rays in the dorsal and 

 anal fins is so inconstant that, as a rule, the specimens that live in 

 the far uorfli have more rays in these fins than the inhabitants of 

 more southern regions. Whether this rule also applies to the Ameri- 

 can form, is as yet unknown; but in the specimens of the Royal 

 Museum wc find at least one exception. In a specimen (9) taken at 

 IvigtuI by the Sofia Expedition in 1883 the formula is D. 93. A. 73, 

 while in a specimen ($) taken oft' Holsteinboig by Dr. ()berg it is 

 D. 80, A. 67. Hence we see that, even within the limits of the 

 Arctic fauna, tlie variation may be considerable. Collett has also 

 given sufficient evidence to show that the number of these rays is 

 untenable as a specific character. Gn the other hand, to judge by 

 many other species, it seems probable that the difference shown by 

 the specimens of the Royal JIuseum in the number of rays in the 

 pectoral fins, is more constant. To this we may add the deeper form 



" Between 20"3 and 230 '« in the specimens which we have examined, and which were between 228 and 396 mm. in length. Ac- 

 cording to Collett this proportion sometimes exceeds 24 or even 25 »«, a character which otherwise belongs to the fry. 

 '' Between 11 "9 and 141 in the specimens which we have examined. 

 ■' Sometimes as many as 101, according to CoLLETT. 

 '' Sometimes as many as 79, according to Collett. 

 ' (In tlic blind side sometimes 9. 



