428 



SCAXDIXAVIAX FISHES. 



Subgenus ARNOGLOSSUS. 



iScalcb dcddmnm, at most nhoiii (id in tlic lateral line. Form of the liody more or less eloseli/ resemhliiif/ 



that of the Sole. 



Arnoglossus'' , i. e. lamb's tongue', was the name 

 applied by Rondelet to a ^vell-kno^vn Mediterranean 

 species, supposed by Willughby'' and Ray'' to b(> also 

 known to the Cornish fishermen under the name of 

 Lantern. The deciduousness of the scales and the thinness 

 and transparency of the body Avere given as the main 

 characters. As we now propose to show, it is as yet 



impossible to decide with entire certainty ^vhether more 

 than one species of this subgenus is known in Europe; 

 and we find the same difficulty with regard to the 

 non-European species. Bleeker, however, has described 

 5 species from the East Indies, one of which, Arno- 

 glossus tapetnosoma,\xii& taken off Hong Kong by the Vega 

 Expedition, on a clayey bottom in 22 fathoms of water". 



THE MEGRIM OR SMOOTH SOLE (s\v. kadflackiga tungehvarften')- 



Pi.ATOPHKYS LATEKXA. 

 Plate XIX, tig. 4. 



Greatcs^t deptii of the Jwdy rarijing heticeeii 27 and 3(1 %, and the postorhltaJ length of the head {from the hack 

 margin of the lower eye) betircen 10^ j^ and 14 %, of the length of the hody. Lotver posterior corner of the pelvic 

 l)ones ending in preanal spines directed backwards. Body transjyarent, on the eye side grayish carnation or hroniiish 

 gray, irithoid sj)ofs or marked with brown spots along the lateral line and the bases of tJie dorsal and anal fins: 



eye side of the fns dotted with broaii. 



R. In: 7"; D. 83-03; A. 59—71; P. sin. 10 I. 11; dextr. 

 !) 1. 8''; V. 6\ C. .v+ll+.v\ L. lat. 52—55'; L. ti: ca 20. 



'Si/ii. 



Arnofflossiis Icevis, Rondel., 1. c; Arnoglossiis sen Solea IcKvis, 



Will., RaV, 11. cc; Smooth Sole et Lantern Fish, Penn., 



Brit. Zool. (1786), vol. Ill, p. 204. 

 Pleuronectes Laterita, Walb., Ichth. Art., pari. Ill, p. 121. 

 Pleuronectes diaphanus, Shaw., Gen. Zool., vol. IV, p. 309. 

 Pleuronectes casurus, Hanmer apud Penn., lirit. Zool. (1812), 



vol. Ill, p. 325, tab. LIII. 

 Pleuronectes leotardi, Risso, Iclith. Nice, p. 318 = Rhomlms 



nudus., Id., Exir. Mer., toni. Ill, p. 251. 

 Pleuronectes Arnoglossus, Bl., Syst. Iclith., cd. Schn., p. 157; 



Flmng, Brit. Anim., p. 197. 

 A: Forma inacrocephala, huiiiilis: longitudiiie capitis circa •'Vjoo 



longitudinis totius corporis, altitudine maxima corporis circa 



'"'/loo ejusdeiu longitudinis, cujus partem miiiimani *"/ioq 

 longitude nuindibulaj superat. Color corporis translucidi in 

 latere oculari cinereo-carneus, immaculatus. 



Pleuronectes arnoylossus, Bp., Icon. Fn. Itnl.. torn. Ill (Pesci), 

 tab. No. 97, fig. 3; Canestr., Arch. Zool., Anat., Fisiol., 

 vol. I, fasc. I, p. 14, tab. I, lig. 4: MoR. Hist. Nat. Poiss. 

 Fr., torn. Ill, p. 328. 



Arnoglossus Laterna, Gthr, Brit. Mits. Cat., Fish., vi.l. IV, 

 p. 415; Steind., Stzber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Naturw. 

 CL, LVII, 1 (1868), p. 716; Gigl. Espos. Intern. Pesc. 

 Berl. 1880. Sez. Ital., Catal. p. 98. 



iq '2;j 



B: Forma microcephala, altior: longitudine capitis cirea -tjj- 

 longitudinis totius corporis, altitudine maxima corporis circa 



33 — 35 ., ,.,.. . , . I', 



cjusdem longitudinis, cujus partem iiiaximam '- |g(, 



" oQvog and yXcZaaa. 



'' "Agninie linguie -nomen", Rondelet, De Pise, lib. XI, cap. XIV, p. 324. 



' Hist. Pise, p. 102. 



'' Synops. Pise, p. 34. 



'■ The same species is probably described from Hong Kong by GONTHEn (Challenger Report, Shorepshes. p. 58) under the name of 

 Arnoglossus tenuis, though GiIntiieu's specimen is stated to have been without pelvic spines. 



■'' Malm, 1. c. 



•' According to Collett and Lilljeborg only 6. 



'' Sometimes 10, according to Lilljeboiig. 



' Sometimes 47, according to GtlNTHEK. As a greater or less number of the scales have fallen off, however, in the great majority 

 of cases, mistakes may easily be made in counting them. 



