lilill.I,. 



441 



eye side, where it is also thickest. For this reason 

 English coMsiiniers set most value on "doulilc" Turhots, 

 i. e. those which arc coloured on hotli sides. 



In Sweden the Turlxil is known \>\ nian\ names. 

 The ISciinians say pif/f/rarr or pifrnic (ef. the Danish 

 piffvarr); on (iotldand aud in the isIand-liclt of .Stock- 



holm it is called Butta, Botfn or Potta (cf. the German 

 linttc). Just as the Germans also call the Turbot Stein- 

 huff, in SiVlermanland, according to Ekstrom, it is 

 known as Stcnjiuiidra, and in Stockholm, according to 

 Mal.m, as Stenpotla. Vigghvarf or Pigghrurfrel (Spiny 

 Fluke) is the name given it in l>ohuslan. 



THE BRILL {sw. slatiivaufven.) 

 BOTIIUS RHOMBUS. 



I'lale XVIII, tig. 2. 



Greatest depth of the body less than 50 %", length of the head h-ss than 27 %, postorhital length of the head 

 less than IG %, length of the maxillarg bone of the eye side less fhim 12 %, length of the hraneh of the lower 

 jaw on the blind side less than 15 %, distance between the anal fin and the tip of the snout less than 27 %, base 

 of the left ventral fin less than 10 %, base of the right ventral fin and the greatest thickness of the body less 

 than 8 %, of the length of the body. First rays of the dorsal fin repeatedly divided into lobate branches. Number 

 of rays in the dorsal fin more than 70, in the anal fin more than 50. Least depth of the tail more than 20 %, 

 and the length of the caudal fin at the middle at least :u; %, of the greatest depth of the body. Body covered 



irifh small, haf firmly attached scales- 



R. br. 7; D. 73—80''; A. 54— 61'-; P. 11 

 .r+13 1. 14+.r; Lin. lat. ca 120''; Vert. 35—36. 



12; V. G; C. 



iHpi. Rhombus la'vis, Kondk.l., I>e /'/.«;., lib. XI, cap. Ill; Lix. 

 (Pleuronectes), It. Wijot., p. 178 (num. a Linn.T-o ante Syst. 

 Nat. X. datnui. postea rejectuni): Gottschb (Rlioinbus), 

 Wiegni. Arch. Naturg. I, 2 (1835), p. 175; Bo.n'ap., Fn. 

 ItaL, III, Pesc, tab. No. 99, fig. 2; NiLSS., iil^and. Fn., 

 Fisk., p. 638; Gthe, Cat. Brit. Mus., Fisfi., vol. IV, p. 

 410; Steind., Stzber. .\kad. Wi.ss. Wion, Math. Naturw. CI., 

 LVII, I (1868) p. 714; Coll., Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christ. 

 1874, TiUnogsh., p. 137; Winth., Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, 

 ser. 3, vol. XII, p. 37; NiNNi, Espo.s. Intern. Pesc. Berl. 

 1880, Sez. ItaL, Cat., p. 180; MoR., ///.</. Nat. Poiss. Fr., 

 torn. Ill, p. 340; Day, F(sh. G:t Brit., Iret., vol. II. p. 14. 

 tab. XCVII; McJB.. HcKE, Fish. Osts., p. 90. 

 Pleuronecles Rhombus, Lin., Sijst. Xat., cd. X, toni. 1, p. 271; 

 Retz., Fn. ^uec. Lin., p. 332; gvE.NS., Vet.-Akad. Handl. 

 1806, p. 54 et 207; Nilss., Prodr. Ichlh. ^caml., p. 59; 

 ScHAGERSTR., Physiog. SSUsk. Tidsk., 1837, p. 312; Ekstr., 

 Gbgs Vet., Vitt. Sandi. Handl.. X. T.. H. 1 (1850) p. 40: 



THOirs., Xat. Hist. Irel., vol. IV, p. 201; Jord., Gilb. 

 (Bothus), Proc. U. S. Nat. Miis. 1882, p. 577; hu.u., Sv., 

 Norg. Fisk., vol. II, p. 319. 

 Plettronectes passer, Gronov.; PI. cristatus, Licht.; PI. Ho- 

 derma, Nardo; Bothus rumolo, Rafin., Rliombus barbatus, 

 Risso; Pleuronectes pavonina, Costa : — vide Gthr et Day. 11. cc. 



The Brill and the Turbot are as closelv related to 

 each other as the Plaice and the Flounder — to choose 

 one of the most prominent examples among the nianv 

 that wo might select from the preceding part of this 

 work. In tlie great majority of the chai*acters, too, tin- 

 differences are parallel, so that in the following table 

 we constantly find tlie percentage higher or lower in 

 the IJrill than in the Turbor. in exactly those characters 

 in wliieli we tiiid a similar difference between the Plaice 

 and tlie Flounder (ef. the above table, p. 407.) 



" In very old (large) specimens, however, the percentage may be greater. 



* According to Gottsche 67 — 83. 



<■ According to GoTTSCHE and Day 50 — 63. 



'' In two specimens 118 and 126 respectively, the former with ahont 30 additional scales on the caudal tin, the latter with about 20. 



Scandinavian Finhes. 



56 



