508 



SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 



NORWEGIAN WHITING POLLACK (sw. hvitlinglyka.) 



GADUS ESMARKII. 



PI. XXVII, A, fig. 1, and Fig. 122. 



Lewjth of the base of the first anal fin more than half the distance between this fin and the tip of the snout. 

 Lower jaw most prominent, its length beinf/ at trast about 52 % of tliat of tlie head, bat Jess than 14 % of that 

 of the bod[). Distance between the tip of the snout and the hind extremitij of the maxillary bones at most about 

 82 %" of tlic length' of the lower Jaw, and in adult specimens less than the length of the ventral fins, which is 

 at least twice the least depth of the tail. Least depth of the tail less than 35 % of the length of the lower jaWy 

 than 25 % of the base of the third dorsal fin, or than 27 % of the length of the pectorcd fins. Distance betiveen 

 the first dorsal fin and the tip of the snout at most about 28 % of the length of the body. Length of the snout 

 less than ()2 {50?) % of that of the lower Ja/r. Length of the middle rays of the caudal fin more than 6^2 ^ 

 of that of the body. Lateral line durii {though not very distinct) and anteriorly slightly curved. 



Fig. 122. Gadus Esmarkii, natural size. From Stronistad Fjorrl, Sept., 1888. C. A. H.\SSSON. 



R. hi: 7; D. U — 16123''— 26i24''— 27; .1. 26— 30|24— 38; 

 P. 10; V. 6; V. ,r + 20— 24 + .r ; VeH. 52. 



t'Sijn. Gadus iiiinutus, Esm. (nee Lin.), Forli. Skand. Naturf. M. Christ. 

 1844, p. 231; Malm (Boreogadus), Gbgs, Boh. Fii, p. 486. 

 Gadus Esmarkii, Nii.ss., Skand. Fn., Fisk., p. 565; Gthh, 

 Uat. Brit. Mus., Fisli., vol. IV, p. 337; Coll., Forh. Vid. 

 Selsk. Christ. 1874, Tilla^gsh., p. 109; N. Mag. Natiirv. 

 Christ, Bd 29 (1884), p. 81; Cedehstr., 6fvers. Vet.-Akad. 

 Fiirh. 1876, No. 4, p. 66; Storm, Norsk. Vid. Selsk. Skr. 

 (Trondhj.) 1883, p. 34; Lill.i., Sv., Norg. Fn., Fisk., 

 vol. 2, p. 98. 



Gadus Esmarkii (Sw. h villi ngly ra'' = Whiting Pol- 

 lack), like the Poor Cod, is one of the smallest Scan- 

 dinavian species of this genus, and hardly attains the 



same size as the lattci'. Our largest specimen from 

 Bohuslan is a little under 19 cm. in length, but Collett 

 gives 240 mm. as the maximum length of this species 

 witliin liis experience. Tlie form of the body is more 

 elongated and thinner than in the Pollack or the Coal- 

 fish, the greatest depth varying between about 17 and 

 19' 4 % of the length of the body, and the greatest thick- 

 ness between 9 and 10 % of the latter. The least depth 

 of the body, just in front of the caudal fin, is hardly 

 more than 4 % (at most 47^ ^^) of its length. The 

 dorsal and ventral profiles are fairly regular, but tlie 

 latter is more arched in front, and at the beginning 



" Never quite so iniitli, according to our investigations. 

 *■ Sometimes 22, according to Lilljecorg. 

 '■ Cederstrom, 1. c. 



