GENUS PARNASSIUS 75 



also in the Sierra Nevadas at from 5,000 to 10,000 feet elevation, 

 south as far as Lake Tahoe. 



2. Parnassius Clarius. Elsewhere illustrated only in 



Edwards' Butt. N. A. 

 Plate I ; Figvires 2, b, c. 

 Fig. 2, Male, Emigrant Gap, Cal., July 25, 1892 ; Author. 



b, Female, Lake County, Cal., June 1894; Author. 



c. Pouch of the female. Summit, Cal., 1892; Author. 

 Clarius averages a little smaller than Qodius, and is lighter in 



color, there being fewer dark markings ; and the red spots are 

 smaller, and never twinned : the hind wings are nearly free from 

 dark markings, except the comma spot near anal angle. 



No member of the Clodius group ever has any red on the upper 

 side of fore wing. 



Sex-marks as in Oodius. 



Larval food-plants, and stages are probably the same as in 

 Clodius. 



Habitat : Clarius inhabits chiefly the higher mountains of Cali- 

 fornia, from the Siskiyou Mountains of Northern California south 

 to as far south as any Parnassian flies ; it is not often seen in 

 the interior mountains, nor ever, so far as I know, on the coast 

 mountains ; and this female example, taken in the mountains of 

 Lake County, is an exception, not in appearance, but in locality. 



3. Parnassius Altaurus. Not elsewhere illustrated. 

 Pl.\te I ; Figures 3, b. 



Fig. 3, Male, Eastern base Sierra Nevadas, July 27, 1892 ; 



Author. 



b. Female, Vancouver Island, July i, 1891 ; Author. 



Altaurus is a Qarius with the red spots paled to orange or 



yellowish, the same as Behri in the Smintheus group. This form, 



although but recently named (in 1902) has been observed for 



many years, and I had in former years often wondered that this 



orange-spotted form should be unnamed while the same thing in 



the Smintheus group was named, and considered a good variety. 



This form, with preceding Clarius and following Menetriesi and 



Baldur, are often spoken of as mere varieties of Clodius. This is 



a matter of individual opinion ; my present effort is to show each 



form as I find it, and every student can class them as species or 



as varieties, as he pleases. Even as varieties, each form is entitled 



