PARNASSIUS 11-IV. 



radiuu summits, while the other species of this genus, C. chryxus and C. Uldcril, 

 both ochraceous, are found below. 



I do not know why Smiiilhcus has been assumed to be a variety oi Plia'bu.-i, as 

 there is no close resemblance between the species, not so much in fact as between 

 Smlntheus and Jacquemontil, Bois. Phoebus is larger, of a more opaque white, with 

 a tendency in the males to yellow; the transparent marginal space is far broader 

 and longer than in SniintJieus, and is wanting in the white serrations that charac- 

 terize the marginal edge in the latter; the grey sub-a2>ical stripe in P/ia'Ziw.s reaches 

 but a little way from costa, usually only to first discoidal nervule; in Sinintlieus it 

 is of all lengths and frerpiently extends quite across the wing; in Plioehus the margin 

 of secondaries is immaculate; in Sminthcus there are almost always at least traces 

 of submarginal spots on the under side, and more often conspicuous s^^ots on both, 

 reaching the extreme shown in var. Bchr'ti; the red spots in Pha'bus average twice 

 the size of those in Sminthcus, and those at base of secondaries, in both sexes, are 

 both large and intense; in Sminthcus they are small, much replaced by black 

 and often wanting altogether or rejjresented by a few scales only; the fringes in 

 Phoebus are mixed black and white at the ends of the uervules, the black not dis- 

 tinct; in Smlntheus they are there largely and distinctly black; the body of Phoebus 

 is densely covered with long hair, in Sminthcus very thinly. 



As to the females the dilferences arc still greater and almost preclude com- 

 parison. Except in the presence of red en primaries, the female Phoebus is much 

 more like that of Apollo. 



PARNASSIUS EVERSMANXI. 



Pamasm'its Eversmanni, Menetries, Enum. Corp. Anim. Mus. St. Petcr.sbuig, Part I, pi. 1, 18C5. Scud- 

 der, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 18G9. 



Male. — Expands 2.5 inches. 



U2:)])er side citron yellow, the nervures black and prominent ; primaries have 

 a broad, semi-transparent marginal border, preceded by a row of yellow lunulcs; 

 next anterior to these a grey stripe reaching from costa to a little below median ner- 

 vure, and followed by a broad yellow band completely cros.sing the wing; anterior 

 to this is a second grey stripe and a second yellow band that passes around the end 

 and lower side of cell; both these bands divided into spots by the nervules; in the 

 cell two sub-quadrate yellow spots separated by a grey bar; a similar bar on arc; 

 base of cell and costa throughout sprinkled with black; tlie hind margin distinctlv 

 edged by a yellow line. Secondaries have an obsolete sub-marginal row of grey 



