912 FAMILY ].. - SCAKAB I'ID.K. 



Tribe I. COPRINl. 



Beetles oT roumLul form jiikI vai-ijiMe size, which live almost 

 exclusively in excrement or decaying fiiniii. They have the elypeus 

 expanded so as to cover entirely the inoiith organs; the mandibles 

 principally in('m1)i'an()us, with only the outer margin horn-like; 

 )niddle legs widely sepai'ated; elytra suhtruncate at apex, leaving 

 the pygidium exposed. The trihe is subdivided into seven genera, 

 five of which are representcMl in Indiana. The ]u-incipal literature 

 treating of the North x\merican genera is by 



Horu. — "Notes on Some Genera of Coprophagus Scarabaudaa of 

 the Ignited States," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, III, 1870, 

 42-51. 

 Horn. — "Synonyniical Notes and Descriptions of New Species of 

 North American Coleoptera," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, V, 

 1875. The genera Cliaridiinn and OnlhoplKUjUfi are treated 

 on pp. 187-144. 

 Blancluivd. Frc(l(rich. — "On tlic Species of ('anthon and Pha- 

 nu'us of the United States, with Notes on other Crenera, " in 

 Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XII, 1885. 108-172. 

 Schceff'er, Chas. — "On Bradycinetus and Bollioceras of North 

 America, with Notes on other Scarab;pid;e, " in Trans. Amer. 

 Ent. Soc, XXXTI, lOOn. ]>]). 249-278. 



KEY TO INDIANA GENERA OF COPRINI. 



a. Middle and hind tibiiP, slender, curved, but little enlarged at tip; head 

 and thorax never horned in either sex. I. Canthon. 



(i(t. Middle and hind tibia^ inneh expanded at tip; males usually with horns 

 on the head or thorax. 

 h. Third .joint (rf laliinl iialpi distinct. 



c. Size small, not over 7 mm.; front coxie very transverse, not promi- 

 nent. II. Chceridium. 

 cc. Size larger, 10 to 27 mm.; front coxa> short, i)rominent. 

 d. Front legs with tarsi; tarsal claws distinct; color black. 



III. COPRIS. 

 (1(1. Fr<int legs of males without tarsi; all tars;il claws wanting; col- 

 ors metallic and green. IV. PuANiEUS. 

 hh. Labial palpi 2-jointed; scntelluiu iiivisihle: size small, not over 8 mm. 



y. Ontiiopiiagt s. 



I. Cantiion HofPm. 1817. (Gr., "a kind of beetle.") 



Black or bronzed insects often seen along conntry roads and 

 pathways, rolling balls of dung from place to place, hence popularly 

 Icnown as "tumble-bugs." The balls are rolled often to a consider- 



