FREDERTCELLA SULTANA. Ill 



1806. Tubularia sultana. Turton, Linn. Syst. Nat., vol. iv, p. G69. 



1816. Naisa sultana. Lamouroux, Pol. flex., p. 224. 



1828. Plumatella gelatinosa. Fleming, Brit. Anim. 



1830. B]fflugia protceiformis. Meyen, Isis, 1830, p. 187. 



1834. Bifflvgia proteeiformis. Meyen, Nov. Act. Acad. Ca;s. Leop., vol. xvi, 



Suppl. 



1836. Plumatella sultana. Dumortier, Mem. sur les Pol. comp. fluv., p. 22. 



1838. Plumatella sultana. Johnston, Brit. Zooph., 1st edit., p. 323. 



1838. Freclericella sultana. Gervais, Bull. See. Philomat. 



1839. Freclericella. Van Beneden, Bull. Ac. Brux., torn, vi, 2'''= partie, p. 277, fig. 2. 



(Original figure.) 



1839. Freclericella sultana. Gervais, Ann. Frang. et Etrang. d'Anat., torn, iii, 



p. 136. 



1840. Freclericella sultana. Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl., vol. i, PI. Suppl, 



Pol. Fluv. (Original figures.) 



1843. Freclericella sultana. Thompson, Rep. Brit. Assoc, p. 285. 



1844. Freclericella sultana. ] 



^aAA V 7 ■ II 1-1 I I >-Allman, Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. xiii, p. 331. 

 1844. Freclericella dilntata.\ ' , i ^ j. 



1844. Freclericella sultana. AUman, Proc. R. I. Acad., No. 44. 



1847. Freclericella sultana. Johnston, Brit. Zooph., 2d edit., p. 405. 



1848. Fredericella sultana. Van Beneden, Recherches sur les Bryoz. fluv. de Bclg., 



p. 25, Mem. de I'Acad. Roy. de Belg. 

 1848. Fredericella sultana. Dumortier et Van Beneden, Hist. Nat. des Pol. Comp. 



d'eau douce, Mem. servant de Complement au tome xvi des Mem. de 



I'Acad. Roy. de Brux. (Original figures.) 

 1850. Fredericella sultana. Hancock, Ann. Nat. Hist., 2d series, vol. v, p. 173. 



pi. 2, figs. 1, 4, and 6, and pi. 3, fig. 1. (Original figures.) 



Iconography. — The original figures are those of Blumenbach, Van Beneden (Bui. Ac. Brux.), 

 Van Beneden (Mem. de I'Acad. Brux.), Gervais, and Hancock. There is also an original 

 figure apparently referable to this species, tliough unaccompanied by a name, illustrating 

 a paper by Mr. Varley m the ' Lond. Phys. Journal,' No. 2, 1 844. 



Habit.\t. — On submerged stones and the stems and leaves of aquatic plants, in still 

 water and moderately rapid rivulets. Preferring the shade. 



Localities. — British .- Generally distributed through England, L-eland, and Scotland ; 

 abundant in the Regent Canal, London ; in the Grand Canal, Dublin ; and in the Union 

 Canal, Edinburgh. G. J. A. — Northumberland Lakes. Mr. Hancock. 



Foreign .- In a small lake called the Roth See, near the town of Lucerne ; in Lago di 

 Mezzola, Northern Italy; in the Canal du Midi, near Toulouse. G. J. A. — Germany. 

 Blummihach. — Near Paris. Gervais. — Belgium. Dumortier and Fan Beneden. 



F. sultana is one of the most widely distributed of the fresh-water Polyzoa ; I have met 

 with it abundantly in England, Scotland, and Ireland. It occurs in rather confused tufts 

 attached to submerged plants, stones, &c. The ccBnoecium is partly free, partly adherent, the 



