680 



SCAXIHXAVIAX FISHES. 



the eliicid;ili<iii of tlie coiii'iisioii tlial li;i(l previouslv 

 involved the sj'iionynn' and defiiiitiou t>i' tliese species. 

 He divided them into two groups: 



* Caudal liu ludiinentavy. with 4 (u- .0 (6) short rays; f;rL'atcr 

 part of the dorsal fin situated in front of the jierpendieular 

 from the vent. 

 ** Caudal fin entirely wanting; greater part of the dorsal fin 

 situated behind tiie perpendicular from the vent. 



The tbrnier group received in 1<S,')6 of Dlmekii, 

 the Elder" the generic name of Ptcrunis''. As this name 

 had already been employed in 1810 by Rafinesque 

 among the Eels, it was exchanged in 1870 l)y Du.meril 

 the Younger'' for Entelurns''. As a well-marked stage 

 of development in the gradual disappearance of the 

 caudal tin, a genus of this nature miglit well claim a 

 place within the ICuropeaii fauna, where tlie character 



dci-ived from the rudimentary remnant of the caudal 

 tin coincides with the above-mentioned character drawn 

 fnjm tlie jiosition of the dorsal tin. But Kafp lias 

 described a species, Xerojihis Heckelii, ^\■hicil shows 

 (]>rovidc(l that the description is correct) that the rem- 

 nant of the caudal tin may be found in conjunction 

 with the opposite ]>ositiou of the dorsal tin; and the 

 develojjmental character loses its validity from a syste- 

 matic point of view, as it is not leased on any actual 

 divergency. 



The genus Ncrojihis contains 7 known species from 

 the .Atlantic, the Baltic, tiic Mediterranean, the Black 

 Sea, and the Indian Ocean. They lead the same life 

 as the species of the preceding genus, but are still 

 more wliip-like in form, and employ the tail as a more 

 or less developed preliensile organ. 



THE ^QUOREAL PIPEFISH (sw. stoka hafsnalen). 

 NEROPHIS .EQUOREUS. 



Fig. 17.'? and Plate .XXIX, tig. 2. 



Tip of the tail (jeneniUii furnished iritli <i rttdimentanj and frariile fin, loiitainint/ 4 — <! rai/s. Vent situated 



helow the posterioi- part of the dorsal fin, the distance hetiveen u-hich and tlie tip of the snout is less than So % 



{81 %Y) of that hetireen the vent and the same point and less than '> times the leni/th of the head. 



Fig. I7.S. Head of a Neyophis iC'/iioreiis 285 



F. V. Wkight in B. Fries. 



D. (37) ■40—44 (4G); C. (4— G'); 

 (29— 31) + .r. 



(100): 



^'i/n. AcHS nostras caniia serpentina, SlBB., St'ot. III., pt. 2, torn. 2, 

 p. 24, tab. 19. 



See-Naal, No. 2, StrS.ai, 6'nndm. Beski-., \A. 1, p. 312. 



Sijngnathus a'quoreus, Lin., Si/st. A'at., ed. X, torn. I, p. 337; 

 Mont., Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. I, p. 85, lab. IV, 

 tig. 1; P.\LL., Zooijf. Ross. A.'<., toni. Ill, ji. 121; Swains. 

 (Acus) Nat. Hist. Fish. Awpli. cctt., vol. II, p. 333 ; .Jen. 

 {Syngnatlms) Man. Brit. Vert., p. 48(1 ($); Fb., Vet. Akad. 

 Handl. 1837, p. 35, tab. Ill, fig: 3; Kr., Damn. Fiske, 

 vol. 3, p. 705; Kr {Nerophis), Cat. Loph. Fish. Brit. Mas., 

 p. 6(1; Nu.ss. (^cyphiiis, ex Risso), Skaitil. Fii., Fisl., 

 p. 692: Gthh (Nerophis), Cat. Brit, ^rlls.. Fi.<:h. , w]. \IU. 



" Ichthyoloijie Auahjtiipie, p. 109. 



'' TXTeqov, fin and ovqa, tail. 



' Hist. Nat. Poiss., torn. II, p. fi05. 



'' h'lslrfi, perfect. 



' Sometimes 7, according to KnoYEB. 



p. 191; D«M. {Kntelurus) Hist. Nat. Poiss., torn. II, p. G05; 

 (9); Coll. (Nerophis), Forh. Vid. Selsk. Chrnia 1874, Til- 

 hegsb., p. 202 ; N. Mag. Natnrv. Cbrnia, Bd. 29, p. 114; Malm, 

 Gbgs, Boh. Fn., p. 59G; Winth., Nat. Tidskr. Kbbvn, ser. 3, 

 vol. XII, p. 53; Mor. {Entelnrus), Hist. Nat. Poiss., Fr., 

 torn. II, p. 02; Day (Nerophis), Fish. Gt. Brit., Irel., vol. II, 

 p. 261, fab. CXLIV, fig. 4; Stokm, N. Vid. Selsk. Skr. 

 Trondhj. 1883, p. 42 ; Lillj., Si\, Norg. Fisk., vol. Ill, p. 465. 



Syngnathus aiujuineiis, .Jen., Cat. Brit. Vert., p. 30 ((^); 

 Yarr., Brit. Fish., ed. 2, vol. II, j.. 445; Kp {Nerophis), 

 1. c, p. 05; Dii.ii. (Entelunis), 1. c, p. 606; Mor., 1. c., 

 p. 63. 



Syngnathus ojihidion, Bl. (p. p., nee LrN.), Fisch. Deutschl., 

 pt. Ill, p. 115, tab. XCI, fig. 3; Jen.. Man. Brit. Vert., 

 p. 487; Yarr., Brit. Fi.ih., ed. 1, vol. II, p. 338. 



