728 



Cai'ii f""'st- I'lkhkkk's (il)jectii)ii to lliis course" — tliut 

 the Ci/priiiiis of AuTKiii ami Linn.eus was strictly a 

 synoii_yin of the Lcinisiits of modern writers — lias not 

 oraiiu'd ;in\' adherents aniony iehtlivolo;ii:ists. 



The limits, wliicli is iiLdiucnous to Asia and lMiro])(', 

 Ijut lias heon traiisjjorted \)x liuman ati'cncy througiiout 

 the civilised world, is by no means rich in forms — 

 GC'NTiiKR recognises onlv five species — hut these spe- 

 cies liave hoeii transformed 1)\- doinesticalion into a 

 iiuiltitude of varieties and often possess monstrousl\- 

 develo]>ed oi'^ans. NiLssox established'' tor tiii' Ci-ucian 

 Carp a suh<;enus, ('araf<sii(.^ (wiTliout l)arhels), formed 

 im tile principle resorted to ])v ('r\'ii:i! of misusing' for 

 tiiis purpose the Liniuean specific names, liut tiiis suh- 

 divisioii of the genus is of far too Httle i ni jiortance 

 — ill spite of tiie fact that in some aiitliors ('arassiits 

 lias heeii recognised as a distinct genus — parth' in 

 consideration of tlie intermediate position in form of 

 b()d\- occiijiied h\- tile (Joldfish. partly on account of 



the ease with which the Crucian C;irp and the C;irp to- 

 gether beget progeny I'apable themselves of reproduction. 

 The forms belonging to the Scandinavian fauna may 

 be distingiiishi'd b\- the following external differences: 



A: Four barljels, two on ciich side of the 



mouth. 



a: Length of the postabdominnl part of 

 the body uboiit equal to the greatest 

 deptli of the body — greater than it 

 or at least more than ^ ^ thereof... Cypriuns carpio. 



Ii: j-ength of the postabdominal part of 

 the body less than or equal to ^ /, of 

 tlu! greatest depth of the body 



(IIyl)rid r,i;y,w Kullarii). 

 B: i\Ioutli without barbels. 



f(.- .') or (i seiiles in an oblique trans- 

 verse row between the lateral line 

 and the anterior part of the base of 

 the dorsal (in C;/)iriiius aiiratus. 



b: 7 or 8 scales in an oblique trans- 

 verse row between the lateral line 

 and the anterior part of the base of 

 the dorsal fin Cyprhius curassius. 



THE CARP (SW. KARI'EN). 



CYPRIXUS CAKPIO. 



I'late XXXI, fio 



1. 



Two pairs of barbels, one (small) at each tipper corner of the suonf, one (lari/cr) just behind each corner of the 

 mouth. Pharynrjeal teeth blnnt (molars), more ar less ci/Iiiidrical, with a more ar less multistriate grindimj, 

 surface on the top: 1, 1, S — -5, 1, 1. Greatest depth of the body about ' j of its length: distance between the 

 foremost poi)it of the insertion of the central fins and the beginning of the anal fin greater than the said depth 



or at least than 7., thereof. 





Fig. 178. Pljary 

 sc-eii from 



>4% 



b 



ngeal bones aud pliaryngeal cartilage of Ci/primis cirjiio; natural size; ii, left pliaryngeal seen from above; b. the 

 outside (the left); c, pharyngeal cartilage seen from in front and bi.-low, llie lower (posterior) end pointing upward. 



/?. hr. 3 (4); D. 



I -2—3 „ 1 .2 



— : .4. ; P. ; V. ; 



>2 — 6 14—17 G— 8(9) 



U.j:+ I -I- 1 7 -1- 1 -I- .r ; IJ,i. lat. (.•!4)3i;— 39 ; Lin. tr. -^-V" 1; 



(4).5 — <i(7) 



Vert. 3r,— 37. 



.yy/i. Kcnoivo^ et Kucoiaiog, Ahistot., Athen., cett. vide Ronde- 

 i.Er, iCyprimis) Unic. A'jiiiit. Hist., part. II, p. 150. 

 La carpe, Belom, Nat.. Dicer,'). Poiss., p. 267. Cyprinus, 

 No. 1, Art. .b'^n. Pise, p. 3; No. 13, Spec. Pisc, 

 p. 25. 



- Atl. h-hth. Imi. Or. Xeerl., toiii. Ill, p. 73. 

 » Prodr. h-ldh. Scaml.. p. 32. 



