732 



SCAKDIXAVIAN FISHES. 



tvasferf. Oestr. Mon., p. 64; Siee., Hussiaasserf. Mittcdeur., 



p. 91. 

 Cijprinus striatus, Holandre, Fn. d. I. Moselle, p. 242. 

 Uarpio Sieholdii, Jaokel, Fish. Bay., Abh. zool. mineral. Ver. 



Regensburg, vol. 9 (1864), II, p. 21. 

 Carasno-Vi/priiius vulgo-Varpio, Fatio, Fn. Vert. Suisse, vol. 



IV, part. I, p. 198. 



( '(iriiio Kollarii (Sw. K<irj)ritdan) in its Swedish 

 forms is even externally an intermediate type between 

 the Carp and the Crucian Carp. The depth of the body 

 is greater, and the base of the dorsal fin is shorter 

 than in the Carp, both measuring on an average V3 

 (31 — 34 %) of the length of the body. The changes 

 of growth and the individual variations both in the 

 Carp and the Crucian Carp, however, render these 

 characters of little constancy, though they are generally 

 sufficient to cnal.ilc us to recognise a Carpio Kollarii. 

 The same may l)e said of the texture of the scales, 

 which in this hybrid usually show more distinct and 

 more regular radiating grooves on the anterior (covered) 

 part of the scale and notches in the anterior margin 

 thereof. The most important expression of the hybrid 

 nature of Carpio KoUarii is afforded by the form of 

 tlie pharyngeal teeth and the inconstancy of their num- 

 ber, which is often different even on the right and left 

 pharyngeals. 



The first S\vede to describe Carina Kollarii as an 

 actual hybrid between the Carp and the Crucian Carp, 

 was ScHAGERSTROM (in the "Physiografiska Sallskapets 

 Tidskrift" 1838, p. 295), and Lill.teborg has subsequently 



described (in Sveriges ocJi Norges Fiskar, vol. Ill, p. 

 137) at greater length one of the .specimens on which 

 SchagekstrOm based his opinion, and which were taken 

 in a Carp-pond on the manor of Krapperup in Scania. _j 

 This specimen was 3 dm. long. Baron G. C. Cedek- H 

 .STROM fijund this hybrid to be plentiful among the 

 Carp and Crucian Carp in a pond at Rydgard. The 

 largest of the specimens he presented to the Royal 

 Museum fi'om this locality, has served as the original 

 of the figure given above in the natural size. 



That Carpio Kollarii is really a hybrid, has been 

 proved by the experiments of Hessel. "In order to 

 determine this Cjuestion," he writes", "I myself managed 

 to bring about such crosses by placing (1) female com- 

 mon carp with male crucian carp, and (2) female cru- 

 cian carp with male common carp, in small tanks, 

 constructed with this end in view; (3) I also put to- 

 gether female Carpio JioUarii with male connnon carp; 

 this for the sole purpose of testing the capability ot 

 propagation of the C. kollarii, which had been doubted. 

 In the two former cases I obtained forms analogous to 

 Carpio kollarii, sometimes approaching in appearance 

 the true carp, at others the crucian carp. In the third 

 case, however, having placed ripe Carpio kollarii to- 

 gether with Ci/priiuis carpno, I obtained a product with 

 ditficulty to be distinguished from the genuine Carp. 

 I took the trouble to feed them for three years, in 

 order to try their fitness for the table, but their flesh 

 was exceedingly poor and verj- bony and could not be 

 compared by an}' means to that of the common carp." 



" Rep. U. S. Coinm. Fisli and Fisheries 1875—76, p. 866 



