AHUAMIDINES. 



7!) 9 



THE ZARTHE (^w. vimman). 



LEUCABUAMJS \JMI!A. 



I'hUi- XXXV, fig. 3. 



Scales hi the lateral line ahant (><) (.j.s'" — (il). Tlte darsal Jin hei/iiis at least a little in friDit <>/ tlii' niidille of 

 the bodi/, and the distance between it and the ti/i af the snout {ahoat 4s — nearh/ 50 % of tlie lenejth of the hod i/) 

 is less tha)i ' -, if that between the anal fn and the same point. Height of the dorsal fin less than ' ^ of the 

 length of the hodi/. I'hariint/eal teeth n<d hooked, compressed, leith smooth (terete or one-e/roored) and almost 

 terminal masti( atom siirfacr. and srt in one roir: ') — '>. 



Pliaryngeiil Imnes ami pharyngeal cartilage of Leucabramis vimba, natural size; a, left ]iUar_viigeal Reen from above; b, llie same 

 seen from without (the left); c, pharyngeal cartilage. 



Si/n. Capita anadroinus, Gesx., Hist. Aiiiiit., lih. IV, Paralip., \>. 11. 

 Nasus, ScHONEV., Idithyol. Slesv. Hols., p. 52. Vj/prinus 

 Capito anadromus dictus. Art., Ichthyol., 'Syn. Pise. p. 8. 

 Cypriniis rostro nasiformi, dorso acuminato. ))inna ani ossi- 

 ciilorum viginti quatuor, Anr., ibid., Gen. Pise, p. 0: Siju. 

 Pise, p. 14; Descr. Spec. Pise, p. 18; Li.s., Fii. ,Snee, 

 ed. I, p. 123. 

 Cyprinus Vimba, Li.N., Syst. Nat., ed. X, toui. I. p. 325; Bi.., 

 Fisch. iJeutsclil., pt. I, p. 38, tab. IV; Retz.. Fii. ,S„ee 

 Lin., p. 359; Pall., Zo'ogr. Boss. Asiat., torn. Ill, p. 322 

 (+ Oypr. carinatus, p. 323); Ekstb. (subg. Abramis). Vet.- 

 Akad. Hand!. 1830, p. 184; Nilss., Prodr. Ichthyol. Scand., 

 p. 31; Civ., Val. (Abramis), Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. XVII, 

 p. 65: Kb., Danm. Fisk., vol. HI, p. 400; Nilss., Skand. 

 Fn.. Fisl.. p. 322; Scndev. {Cyprinus), Stockh. L. Hush. 

 SSllsk. Hnndl. 1855, p. 82; Hckl., Kn. {Abramis), Siiss- 

 wasserf. I Istr. Man., p. 109; Widegh. {Cyprimis), Fiskfn., 

 Fisker. Norrb. L.. Lamltbr. Akad. Handl. 1861, p. 7 (sep.); 

 Dyb. {Abramis). Cypr. Lid., p. 183; Sieb., Siiaswasserf. 

 Jfitleleur., p. 125; Mqrx, Finl. Fiskfn. (disp. Helsingf. 

 1863), p. 41; Gthr, Cat. Brit. Shis., Fish., vol. VII, p. 

 303; Malm, Gbgs, Boh. Fn., p. 566; Bncke, Fisch., Fischer., 

 Fisch;. 0., W. Preuss., p. 120; Mela, Vert. Fenn., p. 329, 

 tab. X; MOb., Hcke, Fisch. Osts., p. 117: Rect.. Sundm., 

 Finl. Fisk.. tab. I; LiLLJ., ,Sc., Norf,. Fn., F,sk., vol. Ill, 

 p. 304. 



In Sweden the 'Ziirtlie' attains a length of at least 

 37 cm., including the whole of the caudal fin. Spe- 

 cimen.s of this size have Ijeen forwarded to the Royal 

 Museum from NorrkOping on the ^lotala River. 



The body is deeper than in Alhurnus, but shal- 

 lower than ill Abramis, the greatest depth, at the be- 

 ginning of the dorsal fin, varying between about 26 

 and 32 % of the length to the end of the middle cau- 

 dal rays, and the least depth (least depth of the tail) 

 between about 9 and 10^ , % of the same. It is rather 

 strongly compressed, with almost vei'tical sides; tlie 

 greatest thickness of the head is about ' - of the gi'eat- 

 est depth of the body, ^^'llich is generally not much 

 thicker, though in gravid females the thickness of the 

 abdominal region may be half as great as its depth, 

 or a little more. The dorsal profile shows a more or 

 less distinct break at the occiput, and at this point 

 rises in a faint curve which soon passes into an almost 

 straight line, interrupted only by a .slight elevation at 

 the beginning of the doi-sal fin. The upper and lower 

 profiles of the liead converge in front with fair regu- 

 larity at an angle of about 60°. The ventral profile 

 is more curved in front and behind than the dorsal: 

 but at the middle, in front of and Ix-liind the ventral 



" Sometimes 54, according to MoBius and Heixcke. 



'' 7 — 9, according to Krover. 



' Sometimes 21, according to Kroyer. 



•^ Sometimes 8, according to Dtbowski; sometimes 10, according to Siebold. 



Scandinavian Fishes. 



