(iWYNIAI). 



S99 



|j. li'ii;; iliiil. 187!), No. 1, p. 89; In.. N. M.ij;-. Nuliirv., B.I. 

 ■2'.K |i. 108; Mai.m, Gi'/,.-, Boll. Fa., p. .T-i6; FKruEus., Naturli. 

 Tiilskr. Kblivn, ser. 3, vol. XII, p. 7',); Smitc, Intern. Fiseli. 

 Ausst. Berlin 1880, Scliwed. Kat., p. 17; Enckb, Fisch., 

 /■7.sv/(./'., Fisch:. 0., W. Pi-eiiss., p. loO; Mei..\, Vert. Fenn., 

 p. :i47, tall. X ( + C'o)-. Nordmaiiiii. p. 350); Smitt, Ofvers. 

 Vct.-Akad. Fiirli. 1882. No. 8, p. 37; Gt. Intern. Fish. Exliib. 

 I.cn.lon 1883, Swed. Cut., p. 188; Nuuii.. fTaiutl. Fiskev., 

 F,.^k'in:. p. 404; Mob., Hcke, Fi-<ci,. iht.9.. p. 131; Smitt, 

 Vft.-Ak.Kl. Ilamll., Bd. 21. Xo. 8 (1885). p. 248; Bnckk 

 in .M. V. (.. BoHNi;, Ifindti. Fisclu., Fischei:. p. 144: Lu.u., 

 :ii\, .Xory. Fisk., vol. II, p. 733. 



^almii 0.vijriiicliiis, Lin., ^ijst.. 1. c, p. 311; Bali,., 1. r., p. 

 403 (V + Salmo miurostomus, p. 405); NiLSS. (('on-i/oii>i.'t). 

 I'roil,:. p. 14; Ekstr., Vet.-Akad. Hand!. 1834, p. 12; Kr., 

 1. c, p 7(5; Cuv., Val. (o.vyrhi/nchus), 1. c. p. 488 ( + C'oc. 

 coiiorlii/iic/iiis, p. 485); NiLSs., Fn.. 1. c, p. 453; SuNU., 

 Stockli, L. Hu.sh.-SSlIsk. Haudl. 1855, pp. 81 el 90: Lloyd, 

 i'cuitd. Advent., vol. I, p. 129; Wdgbn, 1. c, p. .'■)77; Sinn., 

 Susswasserf. Mitteleur., p. 259 {+ C(»\ Manriia. u Bl., p. 

 2i;:!); t'.THii, 1. c, p. 173 (+Voi: Llnijdii, p. 174); v. Bemm. 

 in IlEiiKLoTs, Botiirsl. Fn. Sederl., part. III. p. 386; Coll., 

 1. L-.. 1874. p. 11)5; Malm, 1. c. p. 544; Winth., Natnrli. 

 Tidskr. Kl.livn. ser. 3, vol. XII. p. 44; FediiekS., ibid., p. 

 80; Day, FUIi. Gt. Bi-il.. [rd... vol. II. p. 126, tab. CXXI, 

 tig. 2; NORE., 1. c, p. 406; lIuB., HcKE. I. c, ]>. 13(1; 

 BxcKE (M. V. II. Borne), 1. e., p. 143. 



CoveijOHii" rliijieoides, Lacep., ffi.it. ^at. Po/.«., vol. V, p. 

 (597; Gthr, 1. c, p. 188; Day, 1. c, p. 127, tab. CXXII 

 = C'oi: La Cepedei, Pakn., Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. I (1838), 

 p. 162 cum fig. (+ Cor. im'crorej'lialu.s, p. 163 enin fig.); 

 Yaiii;., 1. e., p. 151. 



Oori'i/omi.i Fira, .luii. Mem. Soc. Pliys., D'Hist. Nat., Geneve, 

 toin. Ill, part. I, p. 190, tab. 7 (+ Cor. hiemalis, p. 200, 

 tall. 8); Kai'I', Jahresb. Ver. Vater. Naturk. Wiirtemb., Jahrg. 

 X. \>. 134, tab. VI (4- Cor. Wartmanni, c Bl., p. 148. 

 tab. \ + Cor. ai-roniiis, p. 158); Sieb., 1. c, p. 251 (+Cor. 

 \\',n-tmainu, e Bl., p. 243 + Co/', hietnalis. e .Ilk., p. 254); 

 LiNEL. ff/.^t. ym. Poiss. Bus.'!. Ltin., p. 106. tali. XI ( + 

 Cor. hiemalis, e JuB., p. 114. tab. XII). 



Coregonus generosHs, Peters, Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 

 1874, p. 790. 



Coreyonus macrophllialinn.i, Nussmn, Zool. Anz.. Jahrg. V (1882), 

 p. 164 ^ Cor. exiguits, Kldnz., Jahresb. Ver. vat. Natnrk. 

 Wiirltemb., Jahrg. 40 (1884), pp. 110 et 117. 



(joreijonus Sidzeri, Nt'sSL., 1. c, p. 253. 



Coreyonns dispersus (^ Cor. Wartmanni. e Bl., + Cor. ku- 

 nixina + Cor. e.vigtins, e Kll'nz.) + Cor. balleuK (= Cor. 

 A.iperi + Cor. Srhinzii + Cor. acronins, e Rapp + Cor. Iiie- 

 naitis. e JcR.) + Cor. Suidteri. Fatio, Fn. Vert. .y«?>.<te, 

 vol. V. p. 67, cett. 



Adn. I)e synonymis americanis, qiium speciinina piseium pau- 

 cioru solum vidi, ha;rco quid dieam. Vix tamen Coregonum 

 allium (Le Sdeuk, Richardson, vide Fn. Bor. Amer., part. Ill, 

 p. 195, tab. 89, fig. 2 = Cor. clupeiformem , Mitch., vide 

 Jordan et Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 16. p. 299) 

 a lavareto pycnocentro nostro diversinn credam: ncipie (^orn- 



;/„ni(.'< iiiuiilrihifa'alix (Kini.. 1. c. p. 204, tab. 89, fig. 1) 

 a /lolnin: I. Iirachyiiiystuce nostro diilV-rre videtiir. 



'I'lic (!\v\ni;i(! witli its numerous variations has 

 liruvcil 11(1 less troulilcsoiiic to the svstt^uiatist than the 

 .Siiliiioii. .\ o'rcat iirn|iorticiii ol' tlic names enumerated 

 above h;ive ln'cii aiiplifci, we nniv ahnost say, in- 

 discriminately, tor ihniii^di different forms have, no 

 doulit, liciii distin_2:uished — and these in many loealities 

 ver\ well marlsed — tlieir natural relations to each 

 other have not lieen iinderslood. 



The Gwyniad is so like the N'endace in most essen- 

 tial respects that a detailed description is unnecessary. 

 The most strikiii"' difference lies in tlie form of the snout, 

 and tile cause of this ditt'ereiice, tlie shape and position 

 of the interuiaxillaries. we have ali'eady investigated. 

 But the Gwyniad attains a much greater size than the 

 Vendace. In Lake Superior (Twyniad weighing 23 lbs. 

 (nearly lU' . kilo.) are taken, and in Sweden" the Gwy- 

 niad attains a length of about 9 dcm. and a weight of 

 about 6' .; kilo. Specimens of this size are, however, 

 restricted to the northern ]iroviiices, the Baltic, and 

 the largest hikes, as for instHUce Wener and Wetter; 

 in the smaller lakes, where it is more or less entirely 

 landlocked, it is alwa\s of less considei-able dimen- 

 sions, hardly larger than the largest Vendace, and 

 retains more or less of the characters of youth. Merely 

 from this we cnn giither that the Gwyniad's true home 

 lies in the north and in s;ilt water, as well as in the 

 rivers iiowing into the sea. 



To gain a correct understanding of the relations 

 between the numerous forms in which tlie (Twyniad 

 appears under different conditions in Scandinavian wa- 

 ters, it is necessary to include in the comparison at 

 least two of the Siberian forms that belong to the same 

 series of develojimeut. liotli these forms were suspected 

 liy Pallas, who tirst descrilied them, to lie identical in 

 species with our common Gwyniad; but one of them, 

 the miiksun'', shows the development of the type to the 

 greatest size of bod\' conjoined with a persistency of the 

 resemblance to the N'endace, while the other, the polcur% 

 represents the opposite extreme in the evolution of the 

 type, being appi-oximated to the .so-called t.schir (Salmo 

 — f'oiei/oiHt.s'' — na.'iiis. Pall.), which is prineipalh" di- 

 stinguished liy its short and dee)) (high) maxillaries. 



' See Underd. Bet. Forsl. Ny Fiskeristadga 1883, p. 159. 

 ' See SMirr, Rik-^iii. /Salmon., 1. c, tab. IV, fig. 65. 

 ' S.MnT, 1, <•., tab. VI, figg. 98 et 99. 

 '' Pro.iopiiim, MiLNER. 



