l>E.\lil.-SIl)KS. 



iKil 



ill tln'ir liMMt.s, these fishes closely resemble the small 

 Herrings in whose company tlicy are frequently found; 

 and thc\' sonictinies ajipcar, like the luttci-, in siioals. 

 Ail (if tiicni arc suiall tislies. Most of tiiem belong to 

 llic Mediterranean, only mw species being known from 

 tile Atlantic; and this is so like one of the Mediter- 

 ranean forms that its rigiit to the rank of a separate 

 species seems (|uestionable. This same species has also 

 been claimed, ])robabl\- witli justice, for the fauna of 

 New Zealand. Tiie subfaniil}- has tiuis an extensive 

 geographical range, and probably occurs in other in- 

 termediate regions both of the Atlantic and the Pacilic. 



Anotlier sjiccies, MauroUcKS ttipioirtiilatti.s, described 

 by I'^siiAKK from tiie neigiibourhood of Madagasi'ai-, is 

 slated li\- Lithkn" to occur in "Denmark Sound" be- 

 tween Iceland and ( hveidand ((iti" N. lat.; 28° \V. long.). 

 Tlie same peculiarity, tiie occurrence of a species in 

 localities so remote as, on the one hand, the North 

 Atlantic and the ^Mediterranean, on the other, New Zea- 

 land, witiiout its being known from intermediate regions, 

 we iia\-c already observed in the case of Argenthia splii;- 

 neiKi, wliich also associates witli the Herrings. And the 

 Herring family, as we shall soon see, contains some of 

 the most widely diffused piscine species. 



Genus MAUROLICUS 



Snout and forehead foniiim/ <n/ in/hrokrii profJe, sHi/htli/ sloiiiini. Tij) of the loirer Jaie prominent. Breadth of 



the maxiUaries less than half their length and less than the tireadtli of the ojieriidum (measured in the lon/jitudinal 



direction of the liodii). Jaa'-tectli distinct, thoaf/h snndl. I'seadoliraiiehiie present. Air-Madder vanting'. 



This genus is distinguisiied, at tlie first glance, 

 from (Joceia by the form of tiie snout, which in the 

 latter genus comes nearest that of tsehir among the 

 Gwyniads, l)eing sliort and blunt, tumid and truncate. 

 With this is connected the form of tlie maxillaries. 

 Coecia, whose gape is thus rendered mucii smaller, is 

 also without true jaw-teeth, these being merely fine 

 serrations of the sharp and thin edges of the jaws. In 

 Coceia. on the otlier iiand, the luminous spots are more 



numerous: the upper jireabdominal row is continued, 

 unbroken and dense, on the postabdominal i-egion, tiie 

 row thus containing 25 spots; and on the branchiostcgal 

 membrane, which behind coalesces so completely with 

 the operculum as to be almost indistinguishable there- 

 from, Coceia ocata possesses 12 luminous spots. Coecia, 

 with its large eyes, wliich almost touch at the forehead, 

 where the interorbital width is extremely small, also 

 seems to be a still more marked nocturnal fish. 



BOREAL PEARL-SIDE. 



MAfHOLirrs. .MULLEIil. 



Plate XLIV, fig. .O. 



Upper row of rentrat luminous spots interrupted at the central fns and containin// !> or 10 spots hetween these 

 Jins and the pectorals. Length (f the lou-er Jaw less than !'> % of that of the hodg. or than IG % of tlait of the 

 body minus tJie caudal fn. and the postorhital length of the head more than '' .- "/' the lengtli of the hncer jau\ 



R. hr. 10'; J>. 



: P. 



-; V 



1 ■^.y"- 'Sahno maxillis cdeutatis, inferiore longiore; ventre pmictato. 



(15) 16 — If 

 C. .r + 1 + 17 + 1 + j;; Lin. tat. 21;— 28; L. ti: 5; Vert. 32-''. 



:\It'Li,., ?:ooL Pail. I'rodi:. p. 49. 



" Vitl. Meddel. Xaturli. Kr.r. Kblivn 1891, p. 211. 



' Cocco, N. Ann. Sc. Nat. (Bologua), Ann. I, torn. II (IKIiK)^ p. 192 (p. ;;2, sep.) — "segnalato col uonie di un celebre Ittteralo 

 siciliano" (Boxai'.). 



' According to GCntheh. 



■* 0, according to Nilsso.n. Prodr.; K, according to 0/iserv. lclillii/(jl.; 8 or 9, according to Gl'.ntheI!. 9 or 10(?). according to Kroyer. 



' A. 2t; — 33, according to Day. 



•'' According to Day. 



