SAT,MO\-I,At:NrKS. 



945 



wliilc Ir.-iwliiii:' ill 1 ,1 00 fathonis of water (71° 59' N. lat.; j tlierc left (o tlic iiicrcy of wind and wave. Uiif this 



s])ecies is, no doulil, a nocturii;d surface-fish as well, 



1 1" lo' !■]. Ioiil:.), and Captain Ghay found it floatin;^- at 

 the siirficf, l.iil slid alive (7S°12' N. lat.; iri'S' W. 

 loiiu'.). W lu'lhfr it was the same sjieeies that was met 

 with in 1881) — H>'> l>v the United States' Fish Comniis- 

 sion "off ihe southern shores of New England" unil by 

 the JUdkc Expedition (34°— 41° N. lat.; fi5°— 75° \V. 

 idiij;., see Bi!nWN-(i(>oi)E and 1;)1-:ax. 1. e.), is (h)id)lfiil. 

 No deseriiition is extant of the specimens found on these 



Nolunlarily rejiairing in the darkness to tlie u]i|)er strata 

 of tiie sea, for it has fre(|uently been fcjund off the 

 coast of (.ireeidand in the stounich of seals, which cnn- 

 not live in ihr true deep-sea regions. All that is known 

 besides of its manner of life is that it feeds on small 

 crustaceans, though not exclusiveh' on tlie most miinite 

 kinds, for ('oi,i.i"i"i' found in its stomach fragments of 



occasions, and llie figures sho-w iniiiortaiit diil'erences ' an Ani|iliipod, 'I'ln'm/std lihclltila, wliich attains a lengtii 



fmiii tlie Arctic Scopelus as descriljed above". i of 20 — 60 mm. The remaining food, as far as could 



The large eyes of the Arctic Scopelus are iinmis- be determined, consisted of several specimens of an 



tnknhle tokens of a life in deej) water; and most of tiie , Ostracod, ('onra'vid horealis, which, according to Saks, 



specimens ha\e consisted of unlucky individuiils, liorne lias ne\cr I)een found nt a de])tii of less tlian /itIO 



witii too great rapidit^• t<.) the surface of the ocean, and , fatlionis. 



Sup.FA Mil V P A R A L E P I D I N JE. 



Dorsal Jill sitinitcd considerahh/ beliiiid fJiv middle <>f Ihe Ixidif. Sninit Jmujcr tliaii tin- jiot<toiitital part of the head. 

 Pseudohranchice present: hut air-tjJadder and pi/Joric appciidafies a-anting, or tlie tatter present onJy in a rudi- 



nientarji fann. 



^^'ithin this subfamily GCnther'' includes two very 

 closely related genera of Ammodytes-\\\ie fishes, first 

 known from the Mediterranean, that were united into 

 one genus by Cuvier', and ranged among the Acantho- 

 ptcrygians beside SpliijrcBna, to which they also show 

 resemblances in form of body. The Salraon-Launces are 

 elongated and compressed (in general a foot long or less), 

 silvery, more or less transparent, pelagic fishes, of pre- 



datory habits, as testified by the long and pointed 

 canines, with which their intermaxillaries, lower jaw, 

 and palatines are generally armed. Ten species have 

 been described or at least mentioned by name: five from 

 the Mediterranean and the Atlantic outside, three from 

 the North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean, and two from 

 the Pacific. All these species, however, mav well be 

 contained within the limits of a sinjrle jrenus. 



Giixus SUDIS'. 



Of this genus one species is indeed known from the 

 high North, from Greenland and Iceland, namelj' Sudis 

 (Parfdi'jiis) tiorealis% which is described at length by 

 KiiovEU in the "Naturhistorisk Tidskrift", '2:den Kipkke, 



en Scandinavie etc., Poissons, pi. 16, B, fig. 1. But in 

 Scandinavia this species has not yet been found. On 

 the other hand, Ku(»yek has given, in Fiedler and 

 Feddersex's "Tidskrift for Fiskeri", 2:den Aargang 



2:det Bind, p. -241, and figured in (iAniAiii)'s T'o//rf//c , (1868), p. 70, a brief aecoinit of the discovery of a 



" Both in Todd's figure (Bkown-Goodb) and in Agassiz' tlie dorsal fin begins much further forward than in the Arctic Scopelus, and 

 the adipose fin is high and short as in the Greater Scopelus. In Todd's figure the base of the anal fin is considerably longer, in Agassiz' 

 consideiabl}' shorter, than in the Arctic Scopelus. Along the base of the anal fin Todd's figure shows a row of 1.5 luminous spots, Agassiz' 

 only 6. The lateral line contains in Todd's figure 46 scales, in Agassiz' 35. 



' Cat. Brit. Mus., Fisti., vol. V, p. 418. 



' Cuv., Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss.. vol. Ill, p. .35t5. 



'' Rafinesqce. Cav. Ale. N. Gen., p. 60. Poralepis. Kisso, Hist. ^at. Eiir. Merid. loin. Ill, p. 472. 



' Reinhakdt, D. Vid. Selsk. Naturh., Hath. Afli., veil. V. p. LXXV; vol. VII, p. lih. Prol.alily Vlupea e7icrasicolus, Fabr., Fit. 

 Groenl, p. 18.3. 



