1154 



SCANDINAVIAN KISHKS. 



THE ROUGH HOUND. 



SGYLLIORHLXUS CANICULA. 



PlatL' LI. tig. 4. 



Nasal valvules in front of the mouth almost confluent, formhuj a broad dermal fold interrupted only for a rerij 

 short distance at the middle. Length of the head about 12^ L^ — /^"g % of that of the body and less than the 

 distance between the anterior margins of the two dorsal fins. Distance between the pectoral fins and the tip of 

 the snout about V3 (5^ — 57' ?^) of that between the first dorsal and the same point. Distance between the ventral 

 fins and the tip of the snout about *j,^ {77 — 83 ?i) of that between the first dorsal and the same point and less 

 than that between the latter fin and the eyes. Inner posterior corner of the ventral fins acutely elongated, the 

 two fins coalescent behind in the males. Length of the base of the anal fin about j^ — ^/j {71 — 83 %) of the 

 distance between the two dorsal fins. Lengtli of the caudal fin from the beginning of the inferior lobe less than 

 \!i {21 — 24 %) of the length of the body. Greatest depth of the body about 8'^^^ — 11 %, least depth, in front of 

 the caudal fin, about 3 — 5^/4 %, of the length of the body. Coloration above russet, on the sides grayish yellow, 

 paling downwards towards the white ventral side. Fins more or less reddish. Body more or less densely streivn 

 above and on the sides, as well as the fins {the paired ones only on the upper surface), tvith roundish brown 

 spots, densest but smallest on the head and back, more scattered but larger {though not so large as the gill-open- 

 ings) on the sides of the body and the fins. 



fSi/Ji. Galeus sleliaris major, Belon., Nat., Div. Puiss., p. 64. Cani- 

 cula Aristotelis, Rondel., De Pise, p. 380. Vatulus major 

 vulgaris (9 adult.) + Catuliis minor (juv. et cf'), Willuqhe., 

 Hist. Pise, pp. G'2 et 64. Uatuhis major vulgaris + C. 

 minor vulgaris, Ray, Syii. Meth. Pise, p. 22. Ajualtis ex 

 riifo varius, PiDiia ani medio inter aoum et caudam pinnatam 

 + Squ. dorso vario; Piunis ventralibus concretis, Art., Idi- 

 thyol., Gen. Pise, pp. 68 et 69; Syn. Pise, p. 97. Spotted 

 Dog I<\sh + Lesser Spotted Dog Fish, Penn., Brit. ZooL, vol. 

 Ill (ed. 1776), pp. 99 et 101, tab. XIX. 

 iSqualus Canicula, Lin., .S'^s?. Nat., ed. X, torn. I, p. 234; 

 Gmel., ed. XIII, p. 1490; Retz., Fna Suec. Lin., p. 305; 

 Blainv. {Scylliorhinus), Bull. Sc. Soc. Pliilom. 1816, p. 121; 

 Cuv. (Scyllitim, subg.), E'egn. Aniin., ed. I, toin. II, p. 124; 

 NiLSS., Prodr. Ichthyol. Scand., p. 113; Bonap. (Scyllium), 

 Ifonogr. Fna Ital., tab. 131, fig. 1; MOll., Hle, Plagiost., 

 p. 6, 'tab. 7; Kr., Damn. Fisk., vol. Ill, p. 814; NiLSS., 

 Shmd. Fna, Fish:, p. 710; Thomps., Nat. Hist. Irel, vol. 

 IV, p. 247; DOm., Hist. Nat. Poiss. (sii. a Bukf.), toni. I, 

 p. 315; Barb. Boc, Cap., Peix. Plagiost. Port., p. 1 1 ; 

 Fedders., Tidsekr. Fisk. Kbhvn, Aarg. 2 (1868), p. 123; 

 Aarg. 4 (1870), p. 339; Gthr, Cat. Brit. Mas., Fish., vol. 

 VIII, p. 402; V. Ben., Poiss. Belg. (Mem. Acad. Sc. Belg., 

 torn. XXXVIII), p. 3; Coll., Forb..Vid. Selsk. Chrnia 1874, 

 Tilhegsb., p. 210; 1879, No. 1, p. 104; N. Mag. Naturv. 

 Cliruia, Bd. 29, p. 116; Malm, Ofvers. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875, 

 No. 10, p. 33; Gbgs, Boh. Fna, p. 619; Winth., Naturb. 

 Tidskr. Kbhvn, ser. 3, vol. XII, p. 57; Mob., Hist. Nat. 

 Poiss. Fr., torn. I, p. 278; Doderl., Man. Ittiol. Medit., 

 fasc. II, p. 24; Day, Fish. Gt. Brit.. Irel, vol. II, p. 309, 

 tab. CLIX, fig. 1; Petersen, Vid. Meddel. Naturh. For. 

 Kl>bvii 1K84, p. 160; Lill.i., 6'v., Nory. Fna, Fisk., vol. 

 Ill, p. 645; Oak., Prodr. Fna; Medit., vol. 11, p. 508. 

 Ajualus Catiilus, Lin., 1. c, p. 235; BrOnn., Ichth. Massil, 

 p. 5; Bi„, Naturg. Ausl. Fisch., pt. I, p. 21, tab. CXIV; 



DoNOV., Brit. Fish., tab. LV; Blainv. (Scylliorhinus), Fne 

 Franc, Poiss., p. 69, tab. 17, fig. 1 ( + var. Sc. Canicula, 

 p. 71). 

 P>ough Hound, Couch, Hist. Fish. Brit. Isl., vol. I, p. 14, 

 tab. II. 



Obs. Willughby and Kay regarded tbc male and tVmale as 

 distinct species. Artedi and LlNN^us were bardly more tlian copyists 

 of their predecessors; but Gmelin, Retzius, and Blainville paved the 

 way for a correct apprehension of the case. At present there need 

 be no risk of ambiguity in dropping the Linnsean name of Catuhis 

 here and applying it instead, as GuNNEBUS has done, to the Black- 

 mouthed Dog-fish. 



Tlie Rough Himtid never quite attains the maxi- 

 mum size of the preceding species. The largest speci- 

 mens on record were about 1 in. long (lO'/a dm. ac- 

 cording to Day). The ordinary length of both species 

 is, however, the same, .5 — 7 dm. In the terete form of 

 the bod}% anteriorly .somewhat depressed, and broadest 

 at the posterior part of the head, they are also mucii 

 alike; but the Rough Hound appi'oaches nearer to the 

 Black-mouthed Dog-fish in the usually greater elongation 

 of the body and the anterior compression of the back. 



The difference in the form and delimitation of the 

 nostrils (fig. 337) shows that the Rough Hound comes 

 still nearer to those members of the family which are 

 yet more singularly equipped in this respect. Not only 

 is the outei- lobe {lae) at the anterior margin of each 

 nostril expanded forwards and prolongated inwards, so 



II 



