PAPILIO III., IV., V. 



PAPILIO TURNUS. 



Papilio Turnuf, Linn., Mant., I., p. 536, 1771. Fab. Syst. Ent., p. 452, 1775. Ibid., Sp. Ins., II., p. 16, 1781. 



Godart, Enc. Meth., IX., p. 53, 1819. Say, Am. Ent., III., pi. 40, 9, 1825. Bois. and Lee, p. 19, pi. 6, 7, 



9, 1833. Boisduval, Spec. Gea., I., p. 338, 1836. Harris, Ins. Mass., 2d ed. p. 268, 1862. Saunders, Can. 



Ent., VL, p. 2, 1874. 

 Alcidamas, Cramer, Ins., I., pi. 38, 1779. 

 GLAUCUS, dimorphic form 9, Linn., Mus. Ulil., p. 190, 1764 ; Ibid., Syst. Nat.,IL, p.' 746, 1767. Fab. Syst. 



Ent., p. 445, 1775. Cramer, Ins., H., pi. 139, 1779. Godart, Enc. Meth., IX., p. 60, 1819. Bois. and 



Lee, p. 22, pi. 8, 9, 1833. Boisduval, Spec. Gen., I., p. 335, 1836. 



Male. — Expands 3.5 to 4.5 inche.s. 



Upper side usually bright yellow, but often pale, banded with black ; costa of 

 primaries black, du.sted more or less throughout, and densely next base, with 

 yellow ; a narrow band crosses the bases of both wings, and the abdominal mar- 

 gin, and near the outer edge of the yellow discal area bends inward at an obtuse 

 angle and meets the second band ; this rises on costa of primaries against the 

 middle of the cell, and crosses both wings, is broad on primaries, but narrows 

 gradually as it approaches the inner margin, and on secondaries becomes a 

 slender stripe tapering to a line on the di,sk ; the third band crosses the outer 

 part of the cell of primaries and terminates either at median nervule, perhaps 

 projecting beyond this a cluster of scales, or passes on to the lower branch of 

 median ; is often narrow, sinuous, but sometimes is a diffuse patch rather than 

 a band ; the fourth lies mostly on the outer side of the arc, and varies in breadth 

 and shape ; the fifth is sometimes narrow and reaches from costa to second 

 sub-costal nervule ; but most often it forms a rounded knob to a club-like 

 band which connects it with the hind margin and underlies the sub-costal ner- 

 vure, and both knob and band are dusted with yellow ; the hind margins bor- 

 dered by a common band, which varies much in width, and as a rule is much 

 broader in examples from the south, though there are many exceptions ; on 

 primaries the inner edge of this band is either even, or it is slightly excavated in 

 each interspace ; and through it runs a sub-marginal series of small yellow spots ; 



