PAPILIO VIII. B. 



dorsal round spots, and on either side a long oblique mark ; the anal shield black ; 

 there is also a black stripe between each pair of segments, broadest on dorsum 

 and diminishing to the middle of the side where it disappears ; these are scarcely 

 visible except when the larva is in motion ; there is also a line of small black 

 spots along base of body, one on each segment from 2 to 6, and on 11 to 13, two 

 on 7 to 10, and there is a spot over each foot and pro-leg ; on each side are three 

 rows of chrome-yellow spots, those of the two sub-dorsal rows being round and 

 placed just within the tubercles, and on tlie front edges of the bands ; so the 

 spots of the other rows on segments three to five are on the fronts of the bands; 

 but after this they divide them, the middle row being round, the lower row 

 straight and oblique, filling the space between the band and triangle ; feet tipped 

 black ; color of body bright pea-green, changing to yellow-green on the sides ; 

 or a creamy-white tinted dorsally with delicate green, fading into white on the 

 sides ; head obovate, either yellow-green or pale green, marked in front by two 

 oblique black stripes which nearly meet at top ; two others on the sides, and be- 

 tween the front and side stripes at base is a short narrow stripe ; on lower front 

 face a rounded black spot ; the retractile horns bright yellow. (Figs./,/-.) 



Another larva at maturity was black, with white lines between the segments, 

 and pale green between some of them, especially the anterior ones and the last 

 two; much white along base of body. (Fig./^) 



Chrysalis. — Length 1 inch ; greatest breadth .3 inch ; cylindrical, thickest 

 in middle ; the surface rough, corrugated ; head-case produced, ending in two 

 sub-triangular processes, the space between them concave ; mesonotiun promi- 

 nent, pointed forward, sub-pyramidal ; color green, on dorsum yellowish, on ven- 

 tral side pale ; the wing-cases dark ; on abdomen two sub-dorsal rows of small 

 rounded tubercles. (Fig. rj.) 



On Plate VIII. the mature larva of Brenicauda was figured, but incorrectly in 

 one particular, as afterwards discovered, the yellow spots having been omitted. 

 In 1878, Mr. Couper visited Godbout, on Lower St. Lawrence, north shore, and 

 paid especial attention to this butterfly and its preparatory stages, taking notes 

 of each. He also preserved each larval stage in alcohol, and on his return put 

 the notes and material in my hands. Later in the season he sent me two living 

 chrysalids, from which the 'butterflies emerged at Coalburgh the following spring 

 The chrysalis on the Plate is drawn from life ; the larvae from the alcoholic ex- 

 amples. In these the markings are as distinct as when alive, but for the colora- 

 tion, except when black, the notes of Mr. Couper have guided the colorist. The 

 yellow spots had completely disappeared in the alcohol. Mr. Couper wrote a& 

 follows : " This butterfly was rare at Godbout in summer of 1878, only about a 



