COLIAS IV. 



San Francisco, and in October some fine examples were brought from Yo Semite 

 by Mr. Mead. I have previously alluded to the tendency to hybridization dis- 

 played by the species of this genus, and ma}' liere relate my experience therein. 

 In July, 1874, while staying at the Big Tree Grove, Calaveras County, I took a 

 9 and <? Colias in colfu. The female was a small, pale-colored, narrow-bordered 

 Ariachie, and the male a rich, deep orange, broad-bordered Eurytheme. Some 

 few days after, the exact opposite occurred to me. This time the female was a 

 rich orange Ein-i/iheme, iind the male a small, pale yellow, faintly marked Ari- 

 adne. It can hardly be that the large, deep orange Eurytheme, and the pale 

 yellow and fragile-looking Ariadne can be one and the same thing, linked to- 

 gether by Keewaydin and a series of intergrading forms ; but it would be dif- 

 ficult to arrive at any other conclusion, unless, as I have stated, the above- 

 mentioned instances are regarded as cases of hybridism." Mr. Edwards gives 

 time and locality for Ariadne as follows : in Marin and other counties, February 

 and March ; Big Trees, July ; Virginia City, Nevada, July ; Yo Semite, July 

 and October. 



In reply to inquiries Mr. Edwards writes me thus, March, 1878 : '• Early in the 

 year, in the warm days of March and April, I take many hybernated examples 

 of Eurytheme and Keewaydin, the former being most abundant. This refers to 

 the immediate neighborhood of San Francisco, that is, to the lowlands. May is 

 the first spring month of the mountains, at six or seven thousand feet elevation, 

 and I have there taken hybernated Keewaydin, but have never seen Eurytheme 

 in the mountains in the same condition. I find fresh examples of Keeioaydin, 

 about San Francisco, in March, but none of Eurytheme, nor have I ever taken 

 fresh examples of the latter form before July, and in no quantities till August 

 or September. I saw plenty of Keewaydin on Vancouver's Island, but no Eury- 

 theme, and even in Oregon the latter is very rare. Its home appears to l)e 

 within a couple of hundred miles north and south of this city. But Keeioaydin 

 is everywhere from San Diego to Vancouver's, where, as well as in Oregon, it is 

 the commonest of species. 



" J.ri«fZne is rather abundant about Sancelito (near San Francisco), on some 

 hills from seven to eight hundred feet above the sea, as early as February. As 

 far as I know, from my own experience, it is never found in the lowlands in fresh 

 condition except in early spring. As we go further north, that is, to Oregon 

 and Vancouver's Island, it is found in June and Jidy, and in the Yo Semite Valley 

 — four thousand feet — it flies as late as October. I have, therefore, always be- 

 lieved that this form was two-brooded, the June race in Oregon being equal to 

 the February and March race here, and the June race of San Diego being equal 

 to the October one of Yo Semite." I may add here that my manuscript was 



