SATVRUS II., III. 



churucteristic of Pefjahi, but there has cume to be a certain uiodilieatioii, so that 

 in soiiie cases, in the female, there are two complete ocelli, but in many more of 

 both sexes there are dots and small spots in place of a second ocellns. In Alope 

 and the rest there are two ocelli, not always complete or e(iual, and occasionally 

 one is suppressed. When this happens it is always the lower one, which is want- 

 ing in Pegala. There is a tendency to variation in the number of these ocelli, a 

 second one sometimes api)earing in Peij'dn, hut a third one sometimes in Alope, 

 and in the last named species and the rest of its sub-group, there are not unfre- 

 quently one or two small spots on the fore wings, as of incipient ocelli. The 

 single ocellus invariably seen at anal angle in Peqala is often wanting or incom- 

 plete in the other forms ; and the six ocelli of under hind wing, almost invaria- 

 bly present (but sometimes six on one wing, live on the other — never less, so 

 far as observed), vary from six to nil in all the others. 



It is to be noticed that the belt within which these Satyrids are dimorphic is 

 nearly coterminous on the north and south with the dimorphic belt of Limenitis 

 Arthemls and its co-form Proserpiiui. Art/tcuiis alone occupies the northern 

 part of the continent, but in a section of territory extending from Maine to 

 Wisconsin, and which covers much of New York and New England, it is dimor- 

 phic with Proserphifi. as shown in this Volume. Prnserphui alone emerges 

 from this belt on the south, and grades imperceptibly into Ursula. And the 

 dimorphism of Papilio Tunms originates in this same licit. So far as known, 

 however, there is no western limit to the dimorphism in these species, and 

 therein they differ from Alope. It is difficult to conjecture what inlluence could 

 liave brought about the suppression of Alope in the whole west, and have re- 

 produced the Canada form, and allowed it to flourish so lu.vuriantly. One 

 camiot conceive what there is of climate or else in common between Canada 

 and the prairies to effect this result. 



After the iirst of my papers on these Satyrids appeared in the Canadian En- 

 tomologist, I received several letters calling my attention to puljlished lists of 

 butterflies of different western States, in which Alope is set down as present, 

 and usually botli Alope and Nephele. I wrote to the authors of these lists, and 

 in many cases examples of the butterflies called Alope were sent me. In every 

 instance, what had passed by that name was either what I should call Heplielc, or 

 what would be an intergrade if taken in New York. In the west these are not 

 intergrades, because there is no Alope in that region, and so no commingling of 

 the two forms. I limit the name Aloj)e to the typical form. These apparent 

 intergrades are never found where Alope flies alone, before it approaches the 

 dimorphic belt, but they appear occasionally to the westward throughout the 

 Nephele territory, and should be regarded as examples of reversion. 



