^§ 254, 255. THE CEPHALOPODA. 291 



§ 254. 



The existence of an Aquiferous system with the Cephalopoda cannot be 

 doubted.'^' It occupies the entire trunk of these animals, and terminates by 

 two orifices between which lies the excretory duct of the ink-sac, and which 

 are often situated upon a small tubular eminence of the peritoneum. Each 

 of these orifices leads into a spacious, thin-walled cavity (lateral cell),'^' 

 situated near the pericardium. It contains the two venae cavae with their 

 appendages, and communicates, by orifices and canals, with other aquiferous 

 ■cells surrounding the various viscera, — such as the stomach and the caecum, 

 as well as with the two so-called branchial hearts. These cells send a 

 canal to the special genital glands. ^^' 



With Nautilus, there are, on each side, in the abdominal peritoneum, 

 three orifices, through which the water of the cavity of the mantle enters 

 into the lateral cavities.'*' There is another system of aquiferous canals 

 tinder the skin of the head and neck. It consists of several large reservoirs 

 which extend somewhat deeply between the organs of this portion of the 

 body. These reservoirs communicate externally by orifices situated upon 

 iliiferent points of the head.'^' 



CHAPTER IX. 



ORGANS OF SECRETION. 



I. Urinary Organs. 



§ 255. 



The Urinary organs of the Cephalopoda, which have hitherto been much 

 doubted, are particular appendages of the Venae cavae. With all the 

 species having two branchiae, the two Venae cavae, formed by the division 

 of the great median sinus, and which extend obliquely through the two lat- 



1 For this aquiferous system, see VOrhigny, 5 With Tremoctopus violaceus, there are four 

 in Firussac, loo. cit. Introduct. p. 20, Ouvei'tures, very distinct Foramina aquifera. Two of these 

 aquiföres, and Delle Chiaje, Descriz. I. p. 53, are situated at the superior part of the head behind 

 Appar.ato-acquoso o idro-pneumatico. Both of the base of the superior arms, and the other two on 

 these naturalists have included in this system the the sides of the fuimel (Delle Chiaje, loc. cit. Tav. 

 lachrymal openings and the space circumscribed by LXXI. (11) fig. 10, p., Fer«.?sac, loc. cit. p. 92. 

 the ocular capsules. Octopus, PI. XVIII. XIX. flg. 1). With Octopus 



2 See Swammerdamm, loc. cit. p. 354, Taf. LI. <uÄe)-C7/7n<«s, tliere are only these last two open- 

 fig. 1, q. q, and Taf. LII. fig. 10, g. g ; Brandt, ings (Delle Chiaje, loc. cit. Tav. LV. (3), fig. 1, d. 

 Medix. zool. II. p. 308, Taf. XXXII. fig. 1, 24, i. i d. ; Wasner, in Heusins;er''s Zeitsch. f. d. organ. 

 (Sepia) ; Cuvier, Mem. p. 15, PI. I. fig. 1 r. r, and Physik. III. p. 227, Taf. XII. fig. 1, and Firussac. 

 Mayer, Aiialekt. &c. p. 54, Taf. V. fig. 1. t. u. loc. cit. p. 88, Octopus, PI. VI.^ fig. 2). 

 ^Octopus) ; Savis'ny, loc. cit. PI. I. fig. 1-', 3i : g. g It is the same also with Ommastrephes todarus 

 iOctopus -And Sepia), and F^russac, loc. cit. (Oc- (Feru.ifiac loc. cit. Ommastrephes, PI. II. fig. 3, 

 lopus), PI. XII. fig. 1. PI. XIII. fig. 2, PI. XIV. 10). With Octopus indicus, there are eight small 

 fig. 1, f. f r. r. See also Krohn. in MuUer^s Arch, aquiferous orifices between the arms near the mouth 

 1839, p. 353. ' (Ferussac, loc. cit. p. 25, Octopus, PI. XXVI. fig. 



3 Delle Chiaje, Descriz. Tav. XV. fig. 1. q. 1). According to D''Orbigni/, there are only six, 

 i_Tremoctopus). in the same situation with Sepia, Loligo, Onycho- 



* Owen, On the Nautilus, p. 32, or Isis, p. 27, or teuthis, he. 

 Ann. d. Sc. Nat. p. 127, and Valenciennes, loc. 

 «it. p. 285, PI X. fig. 1, 2. 



