The Moravian Mission of Genaaden Dal. 229 



The only animal inhabiting the spring- is the larva of a 

 Tipularia^ which frequents one quarter of the pool where the 

 temperature of the water does not exceed 113". 



On the 14th of August, 1857, two shocks of an earthquake 

 were felt in rapid succession in Brand Valley, of such violence 

 as to arouse the inhabitants out of their sleep, when several of 

 the smaller houses were found to have rents and fissures in 

 their walls. The proprietor of the bath alleged that the 

 shocks in Brand Valley were much more severe than at Wor- 

 cester, although that town is but six miles distant. 



At Brand Valley we took leave of our hospitable companion. 

 Dr. Esselin, who presented us with several books on leavino-, 

 and set out on an excursion to the mission of the Moravian 

 Brethren in Genaaden Dal, in the district of Caledon. En 

 route we encountered several famihes, who came from far in 

 the interior of Cape Colony, driving before them enormous 

 herds of oxen, some of which were yoked to the waggons that 

 formed the caravan, these being fitted up something like dwelling- 

 houses on wheels. As night fell, a halt would be called at some 

 selected spot, when the draught oxen were unharnessed, a fire 

 lit in the open air, and the evening repast prepared. Horses 

 are very rarely used on long journeys, although these are in 

 consequence seriously lengthened thereby, especially as it is the 

 custom all over the country to unyoke every two or three hours, 

 so as to allow the beasts to enjoy a roll on the ground, if only 

 for a few minutes at a time. 



As neither of our drivers was acquainted with the road we 



