Various Details of ike Observations. 311 



to S.E., is three nautical miles ; the superficial area is 

 1,600,000 Vienna square klafter — I Vienna klafter = 1 

 fathom = 6 English feet — 100 English square feet = 92 1^0^ 

 Vienna square feet. The highest point of the crater-basin 

 is 846 feet ; the greatest diameter of the upper rim of 

 the crater is 5490 feet ; the least 4590 feet ; the greatest 

 diameter of the basin at the level of the sea is 3984 feet, and 

 the least 3444 Vienna feet. 



The observations on the state of the weather, taken with 

 much difficulty, are not intended to include the regular observa- 

 tions on the exterior of the island, and in like manner some 

 of those taken in the harbour, or basin of the crater, must 

 be accepted with a certain limitation. For similar reasons, 

 we were unable to fix the rate of the current setting from 

 the sea into the basin, although we secured most extraordinary 

 results considering the circumstances. The amount of speci- 

 mens of natural history which was procured, was very limited, 

 but on that account was the more valuable. To the geologist, 

 it must be of the very highest interest to find that St. Paul 

 has been classified, with scientific precision, and by dint of 

 personal examination and research, in one of the four main 

 divisions in which, according to the scheme of Alexander Von 

 Humboldt, the volcanic formations of the earth may be 

 divided. Measured by the latest distribution of the volcanic 

 strata by the description of stone found, as laid down by 

 the greatest of German naturalists, St. Paul belongs to 

 the same class as Chimborazo, Popocatepetl, TeneriflTe, &c., 



