258 Voyage of tlie Novara. 



of Bandong, consisting of porpliyritic-greenstone, trachytic- 

 basalt, and perpendicular cliffs of clialk. Below tliis, after 

 a series of sj^lendid cascades, it becomes a navigable stream, 

 flowing gently over tlie terrace of Radjamandala. 



" The majestic scale of the natural scenery of Java is 

 seen fully developed in these savage, awful rocky defiles, 

 shaded by primeval forest, and haunted by every description 

 of wild animal. There are three points of special Interest, 

 Tjukang-Raon, Tjuruk-Almion, and Sangjang-Holut, at any 

 of which one may study In the very bowels of the earth the 

 geognostical structure of the Lanang chain, where the river 

 has burst through. These points lie quite near to each other 

 on the edge of the stream which here frets In its channel, hem- 

 med closely by the rocks, but in order to reach any one of 

 them It is always necessary to retrace one's steps to the 

 village of Tjijabang, on the plateau of the mountain, and 

 thence scramble down and up again the precipitous rocky wall 

 in height from 1000 to 1600 feet ! One can readily be- 

 lieve what Jungliuhn writes in 1854, that ' although Tjurak- 

 Almion ' (dust or vapour fall) ' is the grandest waterfall In 

 Java, no European had, as yet, visited the spot but himself.' 

 It was here especially that we had occasion to notice what 

 pains the natives had taken to render the various localities 

 more accessible. We found fresh-hewn steps, ladders, and 

 Rotang ropes, and thus we were enabled, so to speak, to 

 tread in the footsteps of Jungliuhn. 



"On the 21st we could only visit the Tjuruk-Baon, 



