484 Vol/ age of the Novara. 



addition to their food, consisting of tea, rice, vegetables, and 

 cakes. Baggage and merchandise of all sorts are conveyed 

 by coolies, each canying with ease 110 catties^ equal to 146 lbs. 

 With such a burthen he will trudge over lofty mountain 

 passes, and without much effort will cover thirteen miles a 

 day. If special dispatch is required, the burthen must be 

 reduce! one-half, when the coolie, keeping at the trot, will 

 get over double the distance in one day ; what is gained in 

 speed being lost in power. 



On our return to Shanghai, we visited the celebrated six- 

 storied Pagoda, Long-sah, which is traditionally said to have 

 been erected about a.d. 250, during the period of the Three 

 Empires. Of all the Pagodas hitherto known, not even ex- 

 cepting the well-known specimen at Canton, it is the best 

 preserved, and forms one massive, wide quadrangular tower, 

 about 150 feet high, arranged in six stories, one of which has 

 running around it a richly carved balcony. The pyramidal 

 roof has turned-up angles, to which are suspended bells, which 

 when agitated by the wind give forth their music. From 

 the highest story, to which access is obtained by a stone stair- 

 case, there is a rather agreeable, pretty extensive view over 

 the country, and its cultivated surface, stretching away till, at 

 200 miles from Shanghai, to the north and north-west, rises 

 a range of mountains, of which of course not a glimpse is to 

 be seen hence, the prospect in this direction having no defined 

 limit. This panoramic view gives an excellent idea of tlie 

 characteristics of a Chinese landscape, the various methods of 



